| Modern world is characterized by the unprecedented globalization. Economic globalization expands to the world the high efficiency of market economy and advantages of optimizing the allocation of resources, but makes widespread the blindness and anarchy of market economy; economic globalization makes the whole world powered by the pursuit of maximization of capital, and however, but worsens the uneven distribution of wealth throughout the world; economic globalization promotes the international economic cooperation and regional economic integration, but threatens countries'economic sovereignty; economic globalization is economically beneficial to developed and developing countries, but enlarges the economic gap between the south and the north. Globalization is presented as world-scale economic activities, and indicates the routine of economic systems in the world.In the new era, many new aspects of economic globalization appear although economic structures of rich countries and poor countries are still connected.2008 world financial crisis has fatigued the economic growth of developed countries, but China has become the leading role in global economy since the policy of reform and opening up was implemented, a policy under which China has made great achievements in constructing socialist market economic system. Emerging economies, predominated by China, are playing an increasingly important role in the global economic growth. New world economic situation is in an urgent need of China implementing forward looking measures and leading developing and even developed countries to realize sustainable and steady economic development, therefore promoting the balanced development and reprosperity of global economy. In September of 2013 and October of 2013, General Secretary Xi Jinping proposed for the first time such major initiatives aiming at constructing new-type international relationships as jointly building the Silk Road economic zone and the 21st century maritime Silk Road respectively, arousing the world's attention. At the same time the strategy the Belt and Road Initiative receives universal reorganization, some voices of doubt comes along:some believe that China makes use of constructing the Belt and Road Initiative and Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank to implement the strategy of neocolonialism to countries along, and China Threat Theory emerges. Is economic globalization a tool used by developed countries to exploit developing countries or an effective way applied by developed and developing countries for mutual benefit and win-win? Faced with global economic transition, how could developing countries get economic development in the true sense? Marxist and non-Marxist economic global theories respectively offer two representative theoretical paradigms. In terms of the economic relationship between developed and developing countries, one tends to exploitation, but the other mutual benefit. In fact, economic globalization has been discussed heatedly in the past, and deep analyses of the formation, the evolution and the debates of the two theories can deepen the understanding of the formation, essence and development trend of globalization, therefore providing a clearer recognization of the status of China in world economy situation.The main line of research of the thesis is the divergence of the two theories on economic globalization --- exploitation and mutual benefit. In the longitudinal direction, in concert with economic development, the thesis teases out theoretical progress of the two theories on economic globalization in terms of the power of globalization, production pattern, international exchange, trade interest distribution, and policy claim, etc, constructs the origin and theoretical pedigree of the two theories, and systematically elaborate on the generation, internal correction, evolution and the latest development of the two theories. In the horizontal direction, a comprehensive comparison is made in terms of the object of study, methodology, theoretical base, theory system and policy and advice, etc, and comments and analyses are made on the focus of the debates on the two theories and on the mutual criticism.In the new era, guided by Marxism, referring to the excellent core idea of non-Marxism's economic globalization theories, the thesis makes a further study of new changes of modern world econ omic structure, and analyzes the current situation and the trend of economic globalization. Third, the thesis concludes the achievements in constructing socialist market economy in globalization since the reform and open. In the background of global economic transition, the thesis relates to the guidance of Marxism economic globalization theories to construct new-type pattern of opening up to outside and the referential significance of Non-Marxism economic globalization theories to China's involvement of globalization, and the thesis aims to provide theoretical supports for the significant strategy the Belt and Road Initiative.First, economic globalization led by capitalist countries contributes to the fact that developed countries exploit developing countries. However, the power of developed countries'monopoly capital should not be overstated, for economic globalization deteriorates the conflicts between capital production relations and its producing power, and therefore capital production relations has become a shackle on the development of capitalism, a fact that decides capitalism will step down from the stage of history. As such, globalization will not mean capitalism necessarily. Certainly, it is also important for the people to fight against capitalism to establish a fairer and more reasonable globalization.Second, without globalization, any country in modern world can not develop its economy independently. Globalization predominated by capitalism presents itself in two aspects:international exploitation and mutual benefit, and the two aspects are both destructive and constructive. In the new world economic system, China should be under the guidance of Marxism globalization theories and its own latest theoretical achievements, and strengthen international competitive power with the aid of the increased labor productivity and improved ability of independent innovation; China should take such measures as reasonable guidance of foreign investment and guarding against financial risks to resist international exploitation and hegemony and to ensure national economic security; China should also lead developing countries to establish new international economic order, endeavor discourse power in international economic affairs, and establish new-type international cooperative relations. Besides, China has to refer to Non-Marxism economic globalization theories, comply with market discipline, encourage free trade, and optimize the allocation of resources so as to inject vitality into the economy.Third, with the rise of China and the progressive implementation of the strategy the Belt and Road Initiative, Marxism globalization theories must be proved by more powerful and persuasive facts. Marxism does not reject the excellent core idea of Non-Marxism globalization based on economic and technical analysis. Under the guidance of Marxism economic globalization and China's latest theoretical achievements, not only can China boost its economic stable and sustainable development, but also can lead developing countries to gradually establish a fair, reasonable, mutually beneficial and win-win new international economic order so as to realize world economy's reprosperity. |
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