| With the migration to cities of a large number of rural young adults labor forces, the aging and sideline of agricultural production is increasingly serious, "who do farm" in the future has become the focus of public attention. Document NO.1 of the Central Government in 2013 claimed clearly that theauthority will encourage and support the contracted land transfer to professional farmer, family farms and farmers' cooperatives, and increase credit support for newtype operator of production, which indicates that alleviating credit constraintsis the important means to nurture new type operator of production. The purpose ofthis project is to provide scientific information to formulate management policiesfor the government and to innovate rural financial product for the rural financialinstitutions aiming to big farmers through the analysis of the determinants andimpacts of big farmer's credit constraints. Therefore, Through the analysis of thesurvey data, this project will identify the status of formal credit constraints by means of direct intention survey method and to measure the degree of credit constraints; analysis the determinants of credit constraints by biprobit and multinominal logit model; evaluate the impact of credit constraints using endogenous switching regress model and nonparametric DEA; At last, on the basis of the above research, we propose the advice to alleviate credit constraints of big farmers.In the first part, the paper summarizes the theoretical basis of credit constraints and related literature review. Through the credit constraint theory, transaction cost theory, farmers' economic theory and rural financial theory and so on, this paper further combing the theoretical framework of this study. We are to study the rural financial problems, not only in practice in the rural financial theory as the basis, but also to the theory and practice of combining, especially in certain circumstances, to be good at analysis, induction and summary. In the implementation of the borrowing behavior of rural households, to implement the accurate full study of the important conditions for the further interpretation of the behavior, policy formulation, decision optimization, resource allocation and improve the income level of farmers to provide accurate and reliable reference. On the basis of that market in the process of large grain is more than the small farmers' dominant position, facing greater credit constraints. We should be more on the rural financial trading environment for the implementation of large grain change, further reduce the transaction costs, the more we need to construct a reasonable and perfect external environment of public financial support, to further promote farmers get better.This paper from the credit constraint concept, credit constraint measure methodology, determinants of credit constraints, credit constraints affect the study, large grain areas such as research, systematic review of the research literature at home and abroad. Believe that the study of existing farmers' credit constraint mainly concentrated in the ordinary farmers and poor households, there is no credit constraints for large grain research of large grain behavior mainly in the production and sale of behavior, lack of in-depth research on the financing behavior. And because of the inconsistency of concept definition, the differences of data sources and the differences between models and variables, the research on the determinants of farmers' credit constraints has not been unanimous. Large grain behavior and ordinary farmers and poor farmers also have great differences, influence the relative importance of credit constraints will be different, and the correct identification of these factors for the development of important policy to alleviate farmers credit constraints.Based on the research above, the author designed research outline, in 78 counties in Liaoning province were selected in 9 counties to conduct research. The statistical analysis of the 228 valid questionnaires collected showed that the gross domestic product and the gross domestic product of Liaoning had a close relationship with the geographical environment and climatic conditions. The general scale of Liaoning Province, large grain of 96.4 acres, the main factors restricting Liaoning Province farmers per capita income or land scale. Large grain demand for funds and access to credit rationing including formal and non formal credit rationing is still a major challenge of the contradiction between the development of rural financial market.This project by using the survey data, the grain large financing behavior direct intention survey method is used to identify types of grain large credit constraints, calculate the degree of credit constraints in the liaoning province grain large and types. Liaoning province grain large by formal credit constraints is obvious, at 50.9%, but the degree of credit constraints than grain large survey intuitive feelings. Type and credit constraints is subdivided into number ration, risk distribution and transaction cost rationing. Statistics show the number ration accounted for 81.9% of all credit constraints, in the absolute advantage.The demand can identify bivariate Probit and Logit model analysis of the determinants of credit constraints. Through needs to recognize the bivariate Probit model analysis, thought decided to ration demand from borrowers family is the main feature of the main factors, the population dependency ratio, the number of family size, family production planner's human capital, etc. Main factors and decided to supply ration of borrowers are how much family of fixed assets, if there's any loans repayment records, agricultural income proportion of household income, etc. Through multivariate logit model to measure analysis of different types of credit rationing, found that the dependency ratio of population, whether there is debt did not return, the amount of liabilities not also affects quantity distribution and risk ration, the transaction cost rationing. Risk ration is family fixed amount of consumer goods, the influence of the rate of land rent into the index. It is concluded that human capital, financial capital and relevant variables to demand equation and the influence of different distribution types, supply equation.The endogenous switching regression model and non-parametric DEA method is used to assess the effect of credit constraints. Get credit constraints will bring large grain unit net interest rate of cultivated lands is reduced, will negative influence grain large household income; Financial inefficiency loss will lead to credit constraints; And the influence of different types of credit constraints will have different effects.Finally, on the basis of above research, from increasing occupational farmers training, to increase grain large main operator human capital, relieve the demand of credit constraints; Promote the rural land circulation, improve the efficiency of scale, alleviate the supply and demand both sides credit constraints; Large and improve the mechanism of rural land circulation, reduce the management risk, ease the demand of credit constraint; Promote grain large specialized operation, relieve the supply of credit constraints; To speed up the rural financial product innovation, ease credit constraints on both sides of supply and demand for five aspects such as lifting grain large credit constraints policy Suggestions are put forward. |
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