Research On Cultivated Land Variation And Its Effects On Grain Production Capacity Of County

Cultivated land use change and protection has become an important part of LUCC.Cultivated land change is both the results of land use mode change,is also an important manifestation of land cover change.Increase or decrease the number of cultivated land and the quality of the pros and cons as a major change in terms of the performance of cultivated land change will cause by different land use patterns.Thus the performances of different land cover conditions.Therefore,change of land change as an important part of LUCC research has broad prospects.From the number of terms,less than 1.4 acres of cultivated land per capita of the People's Republic of China,45%less than the world average.Construction land occupation cultivated land,Eco-Grain,agricultural restructuring and disaster damage etc,Resulting in the total cultivated land shrinking.On the other hand,some places regardless of objective reality,blind establishment of various development zones,caused a serious waste of valuable cultivated land resources.Some companies and individuals without approval,unauthorized signing of an agreement with an area of land and rural collective economic organizations,occupy land illegally collectively.From the quality perspective,although the 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land nationwide.According to the Ministry of Land,edited "China's cultivated land grading quality survey and assessment",and natural conditions,farming systems,infrastructure,agricultural production technology and investment,etc,survey and assessment.The cultivated land is divided into 15 levels.The national average quality cultivated land respectively 9.80,Excellence cultivated land,the higher cultivated land,the middle cultivated land,the lower cultivated land the country's total area of cultivated land assessment rates were 2.67%,29.98%,50.64%,16.71%.Levels below the national average of cultivated land farmland accounts for about 57%.And over a thousand kg per mu of cultivated land accounted for only 6.09%.Quality of cultivated land is significantly lower overall of China.Driven by comparative advantage,agricultural production efficiency is not high,farmers' lack of investment in land.A lack of long-term cultivated land conservation resulting in more than half of the elements of a serious lack of basic fertility.Meanwhile various soil erosion affects about 1/3,such as topsoil erosion,sook ditch erosion,flush sand pressure,resulting in about 100 million mu of cultivated land each year suffer severe losses:north black soil increasingly yellow and thin,Acidification of cultivated land deteriorating in south.Decline of cultivated land will not only reduce the quality of the grain production capacity,lead to higher prices of agricultural products,but also impact on food safety from production chain source,destroy the ecological balance.From an ecological perspective,agricultural nonpoint source pollution,soil contamination,groundwater contamination and other negative reports merely.Therefore,protect cultivated land resources quantity,quality and food safety issues for meeting basic human survival is particularly critical.Evaluation of changes in cultivated land change impact on food production capacity in domestic,research perspective relatively simple,or just pay attention to the number of changes in the grain acreage of cultivated land,multiple cropping index,etc.Affecting food production capacity or simply to affect the quality of farmland and grain yield as the focus.The papers lack of research on cultivated land variation and its effects on grain production capacity.Bayan County located in northeastern major grain producing areas in Heilongjiang Province,is one of the important commodity grain base.It is up to 70%for average annual rate of food commodities.Larger changes occurred in the cultivated land use in recent decades.For years predatory farming seriously damaged the black soil.Soil nutrient loss,soil thin,threatening the sustainable development of regional agriculture.In addition,soil organic matter decline,gradual thinning black soil tilth,soil erosion in black soil area,soil salinization and other serious soil degradation and ecological problems,making changes of cultivated land resources and food security has become a serious problem.The paper chooses a typical grain producing areas in Northeast-Bayan County as the study area.For the study of major grain producing areas and similar changes in cultivated land resources and food production capacity provides ideal conditions.Provide technical support for the protection of precious black soil resources and regional food security.The papers choose a typical grain producing areas in Northeast-Bayan County as the study area,with the "3S" technology as the means,the quantity and quality of cultivated land resources from two research perspective,analysis of cultivated land resources dynamically changing spatial and temporal characteristics.Driving forces of cultivated land dynamic change impact factors and mechanism,with Agricultural Land Capacity as the basis.Food production capacity of cultivated land was estimated of study area,further in-depth exploration of the impact of the change of cultivated land resources for food production capacity.From the perspective of cultivated land resources factors driving force,analyzing the reasons for changes in food production capacity.To provide a scientific basis for protection cultivated land and food production management.To promote sustained,steady and coordinated development of the regional population,resources,environment and economy has important theoretical and practical significance.The results showed that:Analysis of temporal and spatial variation of the number cultivated land resources of study area by 1991,2006 and 2009 three times.Cultivated land resources quantity upward trend of Bayan County from 1991 to 2009.Forest land is the main source of the increase in of cultivated land from 1991 to 2006.Reduction of cultivated land resources are mainly occupied by construction land;Additional sources of cultivated land resources for the transfer of other land,forest and construction land from 2006-2009.Upland to forest land is converted to cultivated land resources decrease was the main reason.Build quality of cultivated land resources evaluation system from natural factors,soil factors,and socioeconomic factors by Bayan County.The results showed that:Spatial and temporal characteristics of cultivated land resource quality are different of Study area in 1991,2006 and 2009.Cultivated land resources quality basically in the middle or lower-middle level of Bayan County.First grade cultivated land area has continued to rise,the second grade and the forth grade cultivated area increase after the first decrease trend,third grade and fifth grade cultivated land area increased first decreasing trend.Spatial distribution of cultivated land resources quality of Bayan County from 1991-2006 Showed:or the addition of cultivated land area,the third grade increased most,the first grade increased least,for the reduction of cultivated land area,the second grade and the third grade reduced most,the first grade reduced least.Each quality level of cultivated land is a net increase.Spatial distribution of cultivated land resources quality of Bayan County from 2006-2009 Showed:for the addition of cultivated land area,the second grade increased most,the first grade increased least,for the reduction of cultivated land area,the third grade reduced the most,the first grade reduced least.From the internal and external driving factors driving factors,select the 30 drivers indicator system to build cultivated land resources change in the study area,using logistic regression method,identify the slope,soil type,organic matter,PH value,RVI,NDVI,average land GDP,policies and regulations 8 driving factors,and the driving mechanism of cultivated land resources change each driving factor of each were not identical.Greater interaction 8 driving factors of cultivated land resources changes,its direct effect on the change cultivated land resources is unequal.Average land GDP direct role is the biggest,the smallest direct effect of organic matter.In addition to the slope and RVI on cultivated land resources changes play a negative direct role;other factors have played a direct role in the positive.From the total effect of view,8 driving factors indirect effects of changes in cultivated land resources are quite different.Slope is an indirect effect of the maximum of cultivated land resources change.Then followed NDVI,to both GDP,soil type,RVI,policies and regulations,organic matter,PH value,which organic matter,NDVI,average land GDP to the total effect is negative,the total effect of other indicators are positive.From the theoretical capacity,enabling production capacity,actual production capacity is estimated in the study area of cultivated land for food production capacity.Theoretical yield and theoretical capacity High Township mainly concentrated in key grain producing areas in northern pastoral areas of Bayan County.Fujiang Township and Bayan town is the lowest township of theoretical yield and theoretical capacity.The county theoretical yield distribution pattern and its cultivated land with good natural quality level consistent correspondence;Spatial distribution of yield can be achieved and laws of the theoretical yield of the township space and can be used almost the same.But Spatial distribution vary between capacity can be achieved and yields can be achieved.The reason for this is due to the production of the township of cultivated area that can be mainly affected towns and the combined effect can be achieved yields;Actual yields and actual production is the highest village in Dexiang township of Bayan county.The Shanhou township actual yields are the lowest.Actual capacity of cultivated land area affected more significant.Temporal and spatial variation cultivated land resources for food production and the ability to influence of Bayan County.First grade cultivated land area due to less impact on grain production capacity is relatively small.The second grade cultivated land put the largest effect on grain production capacity,and although the third and forth grade cultivated land occupied 50%of the total arable land area,grain production capacity was restricted by the natural and soil factors;Five grade cultivated land near the waters,is agriculture,animal husbandry area.Food production is not the main direction of development of the region.Therefore,the grain production capacity is weak.The merits of the quality of cultivated land resources have significant impact on food production.Single driving factor index classification change,the food theoretical yield the greatest potential to enhance the slope,with minimal impact to improve policies and regulations on food theoretical yield factor;cultivated land for food production can be achieved with the greatest potential to improve soil organic matter content,with minimal impact factor slope;grain actual yield the greatest potential to improve soil organic matter content;actual food production increased with minimal impact factor driving factors for the policies and regulations.The main theoretical yield of grain closely related to the level of quality of arable land,less affected by the economy and policy measures.Single driving factors affecting changes in arable land resources for food production can be achieved;the economic and policy factors play an important role.Single factor affecting food production in the driving factors classification change,food production levels have a greater degree of increase space,on the contrary,when the change occurred grading single factor,which enhance the food production is a strong constraint.Complex factors were on the impact of food production mainly for when the driving forces total effect of cultivated land resources changes in 0.1,change in food production around 950 kg/hm2.Single factor and composite factors on food production both had a great impact.Therefore,to enhance food production shall formulate specific measures according to the different characteristics of the driving factors.