| Maca belongs to Brassicaceae Lepidium,it's herbaceous plant and it grows one to two years.Although the content of secondary metabolites for Maca is low,it is considered as material basis for pharmacological activity of Maca.Maca has numerous efficacies,especially the resistance to oxidation,which is the outstanding efficacy.Taking in depth knowledge of the efficacies and material basis of domestic Maca has important guiding significance for the development of Maca.The purple Maca,black Maca and yellow Maca originating in Yunnan are the study objects in this thesis,the main research results are as follows:(1)Having tested four kinds of secondary metabolites of Maca and analyzed them combing with statistical method.When we testing the secondary metabolites of Maca,on the basis of low content of secondary metabolites for Maca,combing with the statistical method,we overcome the disadvantage which striving for the arithmetic mean in bioinstrumentation.It makes sure the reliability of test data by using the method of weighted mean,abnormal data processing method and results consistency test method.Test result shows that the content of alkaloid in purple Maca is the highest,the content of glucosinolate in black Maca is the highest;the content of plant polyphenol in black Maca is the highest and the content of sterol in purple Maca is the highest.(2)Measuring the growth changes of these four kinds of secondary metabolites during the process of growth for these three Maca,making regression analysis to the time series data of each secondary metabolites by using support vector machine(SVM)method and autoregression method,according to regression forecasting curve,we found that the fluctuation of regression forecasting by using SVM is smaller than the auto regression forecasting,and the accuracy is higher,which can veritably reflect the regular that the secondary metabolites varies with the growth cycle of Maca.The accumulating rates of the secondary metabolites in these three Macas all appeared first quick back slow trend,and it remains in a relatively stable trend after Maca growing 240 days.(3)Making regression analysis to extracorporal resistance to oxidation for Maca.Determining the concentration of 70% ethanol as the optimum solvent through the test,it can produce better inhibiting oxidation effect.According to the correlation analysis and stepwise linear regression analysis,it confirms that the alkaloid and polyphenols is the key material base to influence the Maca antioxidant activity in the four types of secondary metabolites of Maca,the effect of Maca alkaloid is the biggest of all.Test results also showed that vitro antioxidant effect in purple Maca is best,vitro antioxidant effect in yellow Maca is the weakest.(4)Making vivo antioxidant activity evaluation to these three Maca extract,and making the correlation analysis and variance analysis.Through the study of diabetic mice that feed with Maca extract,we found that it can reduce the blood glucose,TBARS and CP of diabetic mice by taking these three Maca extract orally.In these three kinds of Maca extract,variance analysis showed that taking the purple Maca orally can better increase the diabetic mice's red blood cells and liver SOD and CAT activity,and increase the content of plasma in the prototype of GSH,it's similar to the result of in vitro antioxidant activity,the in vivo antioxidant activity of purple Maca extract is better than black Maca and yellow Maca.Correlation analysis also showed that there was no significant positive correlation between the content of Maca P.E.and the antioxidant activity of Maca,the main substance basis of the antioxidant effect of Maca extract is the alkaloid other than Maca P.E.Conclusion: in this thesis,the changes of the content of secondary metabolites in the vegetation process of Maca were analyzed by means of multivariate statistical analysis method,and examining that the material basis of the antioxidant effects are alkaloids and polyphenols by using the antioxidant test. |
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