Kirchhoff-type Data Transform And Its Application In Offshore Seismic Data Processing

Kirchhoff-type seismic data transformation is a kind of integral-like data transformation based on ray theory,which has broad application prospects in theory.In fact,static correction,motion correction,DMO,velocity analysis,azimuth conversion,etc.can all be attributed to data transformation.Therefore,the research on data transformation theory has always been one of the hotspots in geophysics.However,after the climax of theoretical research in the 1990 s,the study of Kirchhofftype seismic data transformation was basically in a state of low tide.There was almost no practical application report except for a small number of theoretical and implementation studies.This forms a strong contrast with the wide application of differential classification which based on differential data transformation theory.Due to the advantages of ray theory itself,the Kirchhoff-type seismic data transformation has unparalleled computational efficiency.Moreover,Kirchhoff-type seismic data transformation has high precision when the geological conditions are not too complicated.Therefore,it is necessary to study the implementation technology of Kirchhoff-type seismic data transformation further and consider the application in marine seismic data processing.The actual streamer acquisition in offshore leads to the lack of near offset data,which affects the deep-water multiple-wave suppression which requires zero-offset data.Aiming at this problem,a set of offset detection technology for marine seismic data processing is proposed.The basic idea of this technology is to change the observation system through Kirchhoff-type seismic data transformation to obtain zero offset and near offset data with high fidelity.In order to study the core elements which affect the implementation of Kirchhoff-type seismic data transformation and verify the reliability and effectiveness of the Kirchhoff-type series data transformation method,a simple two-dimensional concave velocity model was constructed firstly.The Kirchhoff-type data transformation was used to construct the data with arbitrary offset(including zero offset).After that,we applied this work flow to the Marmousi model.At last,we use it to the real data in deep-water.In the above three cases,all the calculation results show that the Kirchhoff-type seismic data transformation gives a satisfactory transformed data.In addition to the offset transformation,the potential application of Kirchhoff seismic data transformation theory in random noise suppression,bad track and missing track data compensation,energy enhancement,etc.were also discussed.The results show that Kirchhoff-type seismic data transformation has broad application prospects in marine seismic data processing.