| In the 21 st century,the development of oil and gas exploration and drilling technology,including its application development will result in the faster drilling speed,shorter drilling cycle,and higher effective drilling rate at work.Likewise,the process technology can carry out deeper land drilling and offshore drilling.During the drilling process,the drilling technology is more environmental-friend and less disruptive.When mining and developing resources,the reservoir resources can be destroyed during or after the drilling process.Meanwhile,the drilling technology implementation cost is low and the input is controllable(e.g.per ton Lower drilling costs for oil production).In order to solve the complex surface geological conditions,low permeability and deep burial faced by China's resource exploration and development,the development of new drilling technology is pretty necessary.Pneumatic DTH hammer drilling technology is a drilling process that combines impact drilling and rotary drilling.Since its invention in the early 20 th century,it has been widely used in mining,quarrying,geological exploration,hydrological wells,engineering construction,oil drilling and other drilling fields.However,the ground gas supply device must provide higher gas pressure and more gas flow to balance the bottom hole due to the increase of the bottom hole confining pressure when the conventional air hammer is drilled in the deep well.Thus,the pressure limits its application in deep well fields such as oil and gas drilling.In view of this,a set of drilling systems for complex formations have been innovatively developed and designed.It combines high-efficiency air hammer rock drilling,rotary impact rock drilling,compressed air closed circulation,mud assisted rock breaking,debris removal,and protection of hole walls.When drilling,the compressed air and drilling mud can be respectively sealed and closed.The realization of drilling is not limited by the bottom hole confining pressure,and is not limited by the bottom hole water content.The main components of the drilling system design and development include:(1)BQ-190 closed-loop air hammer;(2)matching drill bit for different drilling processes;(3)TSB-146 coaxial for multi-media closed cycle Triple-channel drill pipe;(4)Gas faucet connected to the rig equipment on the ground,air compressor equipment,and triple-channel four-way active drill pipe connected to the coaxial triplechannel drill pipe.The following chapters describe the key technologies for implementing the drilling process.The key components of the R&D design in the drilling process are analyzed in terms of structural design and material processing technology,and the performance of key components is numerically simulated.In addition,the problems on the application of important components were predicted and analyzed,besides the corresponding theoretical calculation formula derivation,simulation analysis and simulation test were also carried out.The main research contents of this thesis are:(1)The closed-loop air hammer and triple-channel drilling system drilling technology is proposed,and the drilling process principle is further elaborated.(2)The functional development,structural design,material selection and heat treatment process design of the air hammer drilling tool system used to realize the closed circulation drilling process mainly include the following sections:(1)Performing the BQ-190 closed circulating air hammer(2)structural analysis,dimensional design,processing material selection,heat treatment process design for ball-toothed drill bits matched with air hammer;(3)TSB-146 type for structural realization,structural design and internal component design The function realization,structural design and processing material selection of the triple-channel drill pipe were analyzed.(4)The structural design and shape analysis of the triple-channel four-way active drill pipe were carried out.(3)Numerical simulation analysis of the drilling tool system,including:(1)numerical analysis of the flow field of the closed-circulating air hammer;(2)analysis of the flow field of the drill hole bottom structure matched with the air hammer;(3)The flow field pressure drop analysis is performed on the internal channel of the TSB-146 three-channel drill pipe,and the internal flow field analysis is performed on the intake and exhaust channels of the three-channel four-way active drill pipe in the drilling tool system.(4)Through the theory of fluid mechanics,the pressure loss analysis of the coaxial triple-channel drill pipe;(5)Using the simulation test method,according to the existing experimental conditions,design the drilling rod working pressure loss simulation system,observe and analyze the pressure drop variation law under different length conditions of the pipeline and different over-current section mutations by changing the two-phase fluid.The ratio of liquid to gas mixing was analyzed to investigate the effect of two-phase fluids with different mixing ratios on the pressure drop of the drilling system.The main innovations of this paper are:(1)Design proposed a new technology for air hammer closed circulation drilling for complex formations.The process combines high-efficiency air hammer rock drilling,rotary impact rock drilling,compressed air closed circulation,mud-assisted rock breaking,debris removal,and wall protection.When drilling,compressed air and drilling mud can be respectively sealed and closed;(2)For the drilling process,the corresponding drilling tool system was designed and developed.The main design and development of the components include:(1)BQ-190 closed-loop air hammer;(2)supporting drill bit for different drilling process,(3)model for designing multi-media closed cycle,coaxial design of TSB-146 Channel drill pipe;(4)gas faucet connected to the rig equipment on the ground,air compressor equipment,triple-channel square drill pipe connected with the coaxial three-channel drill pipe;(3)Based on the analysis of the mechanism realization mechanism of the designed drilling tool system,the application analysis software is used to carry out numerical simulation analysis of different operating environments of multiple components of the drilling system,complete the verification and optimization of the component design,and provide theoretical basis and data for further operations.(4)The theoretical calculation formula of pressure drop is derived based on the basic theoretical knowledge of fluid mechanics and other related disciplines.The compressed air loss under the condition of three-wall drill pipe was analyzed.The design test method was used to analyze the pressure drop of the test pipe under different lengths,cross-section mutations and gas-water mixing conditions.The experimental data and theoretical calculation data are obtained.Contrast to help further improve process production. |
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