Galaxy Disc Central Surface Brightness Distribution And The Properties Of Supernova Host Galaxies

In the large scale of cosmology,the formation and evolution of galaxies is one of the most important and active research areas.Galaxies play an important role as a connecting link between the astronomical study of stars and the universe.On the one hand,galaxies have greatly influenced the formation and evolution of various astrophysical phenomena that occur within them.On the other hand,the formation and evolution of galaxies is also affected by the surrounding environment.In small-scale environments,the study of the dynamic and chemical evolution of nearby galaxies can help us understand the physical phenomena that occur within galaxies and the formation and evolution of galaxies themselves.In large-scale environments,the study of distant galaxies can help us understand the formation and evolution of galaxies themselves and even the universe.In the period of the phD time,I have done a series of research on the central surface brightness distribution of galaxies and supernova host galaxies.The thesis mainly includes three parts:the study on the galaxy disc central surface brightness distribution in the optical and near-infrared bands,the local properties of supernova explosions and their host galaxies and the study on the properties of different types of supernova host galaxies using a large sample from MaNGA and data from DAP.The central surface brightness is an important parameter of galaxies and it is of great significance for classifying different types of galaxies.Previous studies have shown that the distribution of disc central surface brightness is bimodal,which in-dicates that there may be two stable states and an unstable state.A dark-matter-dominated mode where the dark matter dominates at all radii gives birth to low sur-face brightness(LSB)galaxies.A baryonic-matter-dominated mode where the baryons dominate the dark matter in the central parts gives rise to the high surface bright-ness(HSB)discs.The lack of intermediate surface brightness(ISB)objects suggests that galaxies avoid(staying in)a mode where dark matter and baryons are co-dominant in the central parts of galaxies.We select and analyse 538 disc-dominated galax-ies within a fixed distance of 57 Mpc from SDSS DR7 main galaxy catalogue and UKIDSS LAS DR 10.Then we fit μ0 distribution by using single and double Gaussian profiles with an optimal bin size for the sample galaxies in optical griz bands and near-infrared YJHK bands.Among the 8 bands,we find that μ0 distribution in opti-cal bands can not be much better fitted with double Gaussian profiles.However,for all the near-infrared bands,the evidence of being better fitted by using double Gaussian profiles is positive.Especially for K band,the evidence of a double Gaussian profile being better than a single Gaussian profile for μ0 distribution is very strong.Conclu-sively,the double Gaussian distribution of μ0 in K band for our sample may depend on morphology,color and disk scale length of galaxies,rather than the inclination,bin size,sample incompleteness and statistical fluctuations.The integral field spectrograph(IFS)provide a new way for studying the prop-erties of SN host galaxies in detail and it is very important for studying the local properties of SN explosions.We aim to understand the properties at the locations of SN explosions in their host galaxies and compare with the global properties of these host galaxies.We use IFS of Mapping Nearby Galaxies at Apache Point Observatory(MaNGA)to generate 2D maps of the parameter properties for 11 SN host galaxies one by one in detail.This sample of SN host galaxies has redshifts around z～0.03,which is higher than those of previous related works.Metallicity(gas-phase oxygen abundance)estimated from integrated spectra can represent the local metallicity at S-N explosion sites with small bias.All the host galaxies in our sample are metal-rich galaxies(12+log(O/H)>8.5)except for NGC 6387,which means SNe may be more inclined to explode in metallicity-rich galaxies.There is a positive relation between global gas-phase oxygen abundance and the stellar mass of host galaxies.In our sam-ple,both SNe la and SNe II can explode in normal galaxies,but SNe Ⅱ can also explode in an interacting or a merging system,in which star formation is occurring in the galaxy.Following the second work,we cross-correlate the galaxies from SDSS DR15 with ASC,SAI and TNS supernova catalogue.Finally,we obtain 84 supernova galax-ies as our work sample.There are 27 galaxies with AGN component in the central region of the host galaxies.The central regions of these galaxies have been exclud-ed when calculating the properties of the whole galaxies.We have some preliminary results now.The host galaxies of SNe la have lower star formation rate,older stellar population than those of CCSNe.The difference of gas-phase oxygen abundance be-tween SNe la and CCSNe host galaxies is small.The local star formation rate of SN la host galaxies is different from that of CCSN host galaxies,while the difference of the local gas-phase oxygen abundance between SN la host galaxies and CCSN host galaxies is small.On average,there is little difference between the local gas-phase oxygen abundance of the supernova explosion sites and the global abundance of su-pernova host galaxies.We will compare with the previous studies and combine their work to make a further discussion.