Research On Topology And Routing Protocol Underwater Wireless Sensor Network Based On QoS Support

Water is the source of life.More than 70%of the Earth's surface is covered by water.People have been searching for how to better develop and use water resources.In recent decades,more and more researchers have timed their attention to underwater wireless sensors.Underwater wireless sensor networks(UWSN)have been applied to marine exploration,seabed resource exploration,marine disaster warning,and environmental detection,military and other fields.UWSN has become a technology with broad application prospects.Due to the medium properties of water,UWSNs typically use sound waves as communication channels.Compared with the electromagnetic wave channel in the air,the underwater acoustic channel has large attenuation,short transmission distance,large propagation delay,and many environmental interferences.The design of the underwater sensor network faces greater challenges,which is mainly reflected in channel modeling and network deployment.,topology control,routing protocols,fault tolerance mechanisms and many other links.This thesis selects the topology control and routing technology,and conducts research on the basis of QoS guarantee,and has completed the following work.1.The underwater acoustic channel model and the underwater Ad-hoc network model are constructed.Considering the influencing factors such as path loss,noise,multipath effect and Doppler shift of underwater acoustic propagation,the underwater acoustic channel model is derived based on quantitative analysis.The system analyzes many factors affecting the operation of the underwater environment network,focuses on the common object movement modeling method,designs the drift equation of the underwater anchor system,and analyzes the movement,multipath propagation and Doppler involved in the underwater acoustic transmission process.The influence factors such as the effect and the velocity of the sound wave are designed.The point-to-point delay equation is designed.The influence factors such as the attenuation of water acoustic propagation and environmental noise are comprehensively analyzed,and the energy consumption equation of the node is proposed.In this way,the underwater Ad-hoc network model is constructed from three angles of energy,time delay and anchor node drift.Finally,the validity of the model is verified by simulation.2.A node-distributed OPGT-TCAU network topology control algorithm is designed to solve the problems of unbalanced energy consumption,low transmission success rate and prolonged time in the existing underwater network.By introducing the concept of sequential game,the problem of network index optimization is transformed into the problem of maximizing revenue in the game model.The income function is established for six optimization objectives such as energy consumption and time delay,which proves that there is an optimal solution in the game model(ie,the existence of the income function and the Nash equilibrium).On this basis,the OPGT-TCAU topology control algorithm is proposed,which prioritizes coverage and connectivity,and integrates key network indicators such as energy consumption,packet loss rate,transmission delay and bandwidth.The simulation comparison experiments show that compared with the existing similar algorithms,the algorithm improves energy efficiency,reduces delay,reduces packet loss rate and prolongs network life cycle under the premise of ensuring connectivity.3.An AC A routing protocol based on ant colony algorithm is proposed to solve the UWSN optimal path problem.For the underwater environment,the basic ant colony algorithm is optimized and modified.The concept of forward ant and backward ant is proposed.The forward ant completes the path search according to the transfer rule,and the ant completes the routing table and pheromone update.Different functions are routed,and the optimized parameters are combined.Three different QoS routes are proposed:1)low-latency,high-reliability emergency routing;2)low-energy general data delivery routing;3)low latency High-bandwidth audio and video routing;each routing service corresponds to a set of path search and pheromone update rules.The NS2 simulation platform verifies that the algorithm can meet different routing service requirements.4.An underwater routing protocol based on hybrid genetic algorithm is proposed to improve the route generation speed.The hybrid genetic algorithm is divided into three parts:the genetic algorithm part,the ant colony algorithm part and the algorithm conversion mechanism part,and the three are connected by pheromone(path-oriented parameter).In the initial stage of the algorithm,the genetic algorithm is used to improve the operational efficiency by using the effective cooperation of its crossover and mutation.The pheromone accumulates to the set threshold,enters the algorithm conversion mechanism,and converts to the ant colony algorithm to continue to run and obtain the optimal.The combination of ant colony algorithm and genetic algorithm,through the complementary advantages of the two,not only avoids the shortcoming of the slow convergence of the ant colony algorithm,but also avoids the shortcomings of the genetic algorithm easily falling into the local optimal solution.Based on the randomly arranged nodes,the hybrid protocol-based routing protocol is simulated from the convergence speed and node energy consumption.The routing protocol has the advantages of low energy consumption and high convergence speed.