Research On Climate Adaptation Of Urban Space In Severe Cold Area

The impact of climate and environment on urban space construction is becoming a major issue of increasing concern in various fields.Since November 2013,the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Construction have successively issued documents such as the National Strategy for Climate Change Adaptation(NO.2252 in 2013)and the Action Plan for Urban Climate Adaptation(NO.245 in 2016),emphasizing scientific analysis of the main problems and impacts of climate change and taking climate change factors into full consideration in urban planning.In November 2015 and September 2017,General Secretary Xi Jinping and Prime Minister Li Keqiang delivered important speeches on climate change.For cities in the cold climate background,climate adaptation planning should cover both climate change and regional climate background.Under the background of our country's comprehensive research on territorial spatial planning system and the pilot work of promoting the construction of climate-adapted cities,the research on climate adaptation of urban space can measure the response capacity of urban system under the background of climate change,and establish the urban space construction project which fully reflects the characteristics of cold regional climate.In order to improve the ability of cities in cold regions to adapt to the changes of urban climate and environment and promote the sustainable development of cities in cold regions,the climate adaptation planning and design is regarded as an important ecological planning and design method of urban space.Firstly,the paper chooses Harbin as the research object of urban space climate adaptation in typical cold area,and carries on the analysis of urban climate environment characteristics and its impact on spatial elements.In terms of local climate and environment,the local climate situation of Harbin in the past 30 years from 1986 to 2015 was analyzed,and its heat island effect and future climate change trend were predicted.At the micro-climate environment level,the paper considers that there is a transition season between winter and outdoor season in cities in severe cold areas,and determines the specific time of the transition season between outdoor season and spring and autumn.The micro-climate environment of urban public space is investigated within the time range of the transition season to determine the urban public in severe cold areas during the transition season.Microclimate environmental characteristics in common space.Secondly,the paper studies the mechanism of spatial climate adaptation in cold regions.In this paper,the adaptation mechanism of urban climate environmental receptors is analyzed in depth,and the elements of climate adaptation are subdivided into three categories: protection and restoration ability,adaptive regulation ability and planned withdrawal ability.In order to verify the rationality and feasibility of climate adaptation research through rational planning of urban space,this paper makes a correlation analysis on the trend of local climate environment and microclimate environment of urban space adaptation in Harbin.On this basis,this paper extracts the key areas of spatial elements of urban adaptation to climate and environment in cold regions.Finally,the research framework of climate adaptation of urban space in cold regions is put forward,which includes four parts: climate and environment characteristics analysis,decomposition of climate adaptation factors,determination of urban spatial adaptation mechanism,and evaluation of urban spatial climate adaptation.Thirdly,the paper takes the three aspects of statistical data,spatial data and literature policy as the source of evaluation index.After index selection and index quantification,the final evaluation index system of climate adaptability of urban space in severe cold area is determined,and the quantification of each index factor is determined through four steps: relevant standard guidance,similar index deduction,horizontal comparison evaluation and qualitative index classification The main factor of climate adaptability and evaluation criteria are determined through the validity test of indicators.Taking the main urban area of Harbin as the object of study,this paper analyzed the development dynamics and spatial distribution of the urban space's climate adaptation,and analyzed the reasons for the poor spatial climate adaptation of Harbin,and determined the key spatial elements of different climate adaptation zoning.Finally,the paper puts forward the application ways of climate adaptation evaluation of urban space in Harbin in urban planning,in which the evaluation system is mainly used in the planning system,and the evaluation results are mainly used in the urban space optimization countermeasures to strengthen the climate adaptation.Under the background of the comprehensive development of land and space planning in China,this paper determines the main content of the preparation of land and space planning for climate adaptation,and puts forward the key content of the future urban land and space planning for climate adaptation from three levels of general planning,related special planning and detailed planning.According to the results of climate adaptation evaluation and relying on the main factors of climate adaptation,this paper puts forward corresponding measures to optimize urban spatial factors in Harbin from the local climate environment level and microclimate environment level respectively.