Synthesis And Functionalization Of Microporous Polymers With Controlled Morphology

Microporous organic polymers?MOPs?are hot research topic in the field of polymer materials.Attributed to their high surface area,rich pore structure,low density,good stability and diverse synthesis methods,MOPs have presented a broad range of applications in energy and environment fields.The morphology of MOPs is demonstrated to play a significant role in the application of MOPs.Till present very limited research has focused on the morphology-based design of MOPs.In addition,limited selectivity of functional monomers made post-modification method conducive to the development of MOPs.Therefore,preparing MOPs with well controlled morphology and functionality is still a challenge.A comprehensive study has been conducted on morphology-based design of functionalized hypercrosslinked polymers?HCPs?materials utilizing the external knitting strategy.The obtained structures were characterized by infrared spectroscopy,Raman spectroscopy,X-ray diffraction and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy.The morphology of the materials was characterized by microscopic imaging techniques?SEM and TEM?.The porosity of the material was studied via N₂ sorption and desorption analysis.Moreover,other property of the obtained materials was characterized by thermogravimetric analysis,electrochemical workstations and dynamic light scattering,etc.The HCPs materials have been obliged for adsorption,drug delivery,electrochemical application and so on.The main contents of the thesis are as follows:The 1st chapter provides a detailed overview of the preparation,functionalization and morphology design of MOPs.The 2nd chapter describes the preparation of wettable magnetic porous nanoparticle and their application in water treatment.In this strategy,magnetic particles?Fe₃O₄?and monomers with hydrophilic groups were added during the polymerization.The obtained magnetic products were used for the adsorption of rhodamine B,and the adsorption kinetics and thermodynamic behavior were studied.The hydrophilic magnetic porous polymer shows a better adsorption performance than the hydrophobic one with the highest adsorption capacity of 215 mg/g.The 3rd chapter describes a method on preparing polyaniline modified microporous organic capsules.The microporous capsules were sulfonated with concentrated sulfuric acid and then modified with polyaniline.The products maintain the topography and have high surface areas of 529 m²/g.After carbonization,hollow nitrogen-containing carbon spheres can be obtained and have high surface areas of 536 m²/g.The 4th chapter describes the preparation of carbon nitride contained hollow carbon sphere by using organic hollow capsule as template.Initially the precursor of carbon nitride was introduced into the hollow capsule and then heated to make the product.The resulting material has high nitrogen content of 3.1%and is used for gas adsorption.The 5th chapter describes a method for preparing microporous rod-like hollow materials.By using rod-like silica as template,rod-like hollow capsules can be prepared by emulsion polymerization and hypercrosslinking reaction.By adjusting the aspect ratio of the template,aspect ratio of materials can be controlled.This material has potential application in gas uptake,drug release and preparation of rod carbon materials.The 6th chapter describes a method for preparing hypercrosslinked polymer fibers.The polystyrene solution was added dropwise to the solution containing catalyst and crosslinker.With the help of shear forces,the polystyrene is stretched into fibers and shaped by the crosslinker.The mechanism of fiber formation was inferred based on the experimental conditions.This method could also be utilized to prepare HCPs composite fibers.