Study On The Correlation Among Air Pollution,Microbiology And Lung Cancer In Fujian Province

[Objective]Exploring the correlation among air pollution,lung tissue microbiology and primary lung cancer in Fujian Province.[Methods]1.By using spatial analysis,combined with GIS,geo-weighted regression analysis and other techniques to explore the timing pattern of lung cancer death in Fujian Province,the spatial distribution of air pollution and the correlation between them.2.By using retrospective case-control study sourced from hospitals,the epidemiological investigation of lung cancer caused by air pollutants in Fujian Province was conducted to investigate the association between lung cancer occurrences and different exposure levels of air pollution.Further evaluation of the association between air pollution and its attribution risk for lung cancer was also conducted.3.Sequencing analysis for V3-V4 regions of 16S rRNA in lung cancer and 3cm above the lung cancer tissues were carried out on the high-throughput sequencing platform of Miseq to investigate the distribution of lung flora and its community diversity within lung cancer patients.Clinical indicators and geographical features related to flora were also identified.[Results]1.It presents spatial clustering of lung cancer deaths in Fujian Province:Hot spots include Gutian County,Pingnan County,Zhouning County Ningde City to Dongshan County,Pinghe County,Yunxiao County,Zhangpu County,Zhaoan County based Zhangzhou City and parts of Nanping;Cold spots include the most parts of Fuzhou and Putian City.2.It presents a certain pattern of spatial distribution for air pollution in Fujian Province:Annual average SO₂ concentration indicates a trend of increasing pollution from the east to the west;Annual average NO₂ is higher in two of the highly developed areas,Fuzhou and Xiamen,in the province;Average annual PM₁₀ concentration has a trend of decreasing to the northwest,on the contrast,the annual average CO concentration presents the opposite trend,increasing toward the southwest.;Annual average O₃ and annual average PM_2.5concentrations are higher in the east while lower in the west.3.The modeling results of GWR show that there is statistically no significant correlation between the standard mortality of lung cancer and air pollution in Fujian Province.4.The case-control study reveals that:Among the general population,the risky factors of lung cancer include smoking,cooking fume exposure,passive smoking exposure,history of lung diseases,family history of lung cancer,O₃,PM₁₀,PM_2.5,while the protective factors include fruit intake and physical exercises.;Among smokers,the risky factors of lung cancer include history of lung disease,family history of lung cancer,PM₁₀,PM_2.5,while the protective factors include fruit intake,physical exercises;Among non-smokers,the risky factors of lung cancer cooking fume exposure,history of lung diseases,family history of lung cancer,PM₁₀,PM_2.5,O₃,while the protective factors include fruit intake,physical exercises,drinking tea.5.The analysis of correlation between exposure levels of air pollution and lung cancer occurrences shows that:Among the general population,the probability of lung cancer occurrence on the condition of NO₂ concentration between 0.019-0.029?mg/m³?was 1.356times higher than that on the condition of NO₂ concentration<0.019?mg/m³??95%CI:1.028-1.788?;The probability of lung cancer occurrence on the condition of PM₁₀ between0.051-0.057?mg/m³?was 2.450 times higher than that on the condition of PM₁₀<0.051?mg/m³??95%CI:1.728-3.474?;The OR of lung cancer occurrence on the condition of PM₁₀ between 0.057-0.064?mg/m³?was 1.637?95%CI:1.178-2.276?;PM_2.5 was a risky factor of lung cancer,OR=33.658 when its concentration was between 0.020-0.027?mg/m³??95%CI:15.450-73.325?,OR=5.059 when its concentration was between0.027-0.035?mg/m³??95%CI:2.390-10.712?;O₃ was a risky factor of lung cancer,OR=17.746 when its concentration was between 0.065-0.083?mg/m³??95%CI:4.322-72.862?,OR=50.896 when its concentration was>0.083?mg/m³??95%CI:11.069-234.032?.Among smokers and non-smokers,PM₁₀ and PM_2.5 were both risky factors of lung cancer;Meanwhile,PM_2.5 had more impacts on non-smokers than on smokers?OR=61.431,95%CI:18.041-209.181;OR=11.814,95%CI:3.622-38.540 and OR=24.545,95%CI:8.112-74.265;OR=2.630,95%CI:0.910-7.595?.No statistical correlation was observed between SO₂ and lung cancer occurrences.6.It was different among the microbiota structures of the cancer tissues and their adjacent tissues of lung cancer patients,regarding to the abundance variations of the bacteria group,and the abundance obviously decreasing of the microbe flora in the lung cancer tissues.At the portal level,the abundance of Proteus and Bacteroidetes in the tissues was significantly higher in the lung cancer tissues than that in the paracancerous tissues.At the genus level,the content of Acinetobacter and Elizabethsea was also higher in the lung cancer tissues than that in the paracancerous tissues.7.There was no significant difference regarding bacterial community structures among lung cancer samples from different regions,while the distributions were different regarding the cancer specimens that play important roles for categorizing the samples.[Conclusion]1.It presents spatial clustering of lung cancer deaths in Fujian Province.2.Exposure to air pollution is a risky factor to all the general population,including smokers and non-smokers.3.The flora structures are different among lung cancer patients with respect to cancer and its adjacent tissues.