Synthesis&Characterization Of New Organically Synthesized Porous Carbon Material And Its Applications In Energy Storage Fields

Carbon is not only the chemical basis of life,but also a highly technological material with great impact on modern society.Along with deeper insight research on diamond and graphite,scientists are surprisly to find that there are such huge differences between them,which are only caused by the different carbon bonding forms inside them:diamond constructed with sp³ carbon is insulator and hardest known material,while graphite constructed with sp² carbon is electroconductor and lubricant.Discovery of Buckminster Fullerene opened up the field of synthetic sp²carbon materials and led to the discovery of CNTs?Carbon nanontubes?and graphene.Carbon is known as its three different hybridizations:sp,sp² and sp³-hybridized carbon,each allotrope constructed with carbon atom hybridized in one type is attractive as their excellent properties or great potential in applications.Fullerene,CNTs,graphite and graphene?constructed with sp²-hybridized carbon?have shown good performances in energy conversation and energy storage fields,attributed to their excellent mechanical,electrical and optical properties.“Carbye”-comprising solely sp-hybridized carbon atoms is still not yet synthesized.However,scientists working on simulation have promised its unexpectable good electrical properties.Recent years,graphyne?GDY?with sp and sp²-hybridized carbon atoms is highly profiled since the day it was reported.All above have proved research on preparing carbon materials constructed with clear hybridized carbon atoms always hold great attention.Prous carbon materials,which bear unique porosity,high surface area and low cost,have shown excellent properties in gas adsorption,separation,storage and catalyst fields.Currently,porous carbon can be prepared in several methods:conventional carbonization of precursor with physical/chemical activator;template method using zeolite,mesoporous silica and carbide as template;arc discharge and laser ablation.These methods have differen advantage and disadvantage in their own respect,but facing one same problem:carbon material cannot be designed or constructed in molecular level,along with the hybridization of carbon atom and the construction mode.In this project,OSPC-1 constructed with only sp and sp³-hybridized carbon atoms has been designed and successfully synthesized,hybridizations of carbon atoms in OSPC-1 have been verified by a serie of tests,HEXTS and PDF are also used to further analysis the armophous structure nature of OSPC-1.OSPC-1 show good performance in clean energy field,in constant,storage of hydrogen and methan,supercapacitor and lithium-ion batteries,reflects OSPC-1 as positive candidate in energy storage field.In this event,outlook on the organic synthesis procedure on preparing N-doped and N,S-codoped OSPC-1 is also shown to hold hope for expanding the family member of carbon materials and offer new strategy for producing new porous carbon materials.DetailedexperimentalprocedureforpreparingTESprotected tetraethynylmethane is shown in chapter two,optimized Eglinton Coupling reaction with Cu?OAc?₂.H₂O as catalyst is used to prepare new carbon material constructed with only sp and sp³-hybridized carbon atoms.Only simply washing with normal organic solvent is needed to obtain carbon with purity more than 99.9%,numerous spectroscopic analysis are used to to confirm its component,HEXTS and PDF are also performed to get insight on its fine structure,as conclusion,a new family member of porous carbon material is virified.In chapter III,thermostabilily of OSPC-1 is virified by in-situ FT-IR test,an optimical activation temperature is find.After activation,OSPC-1 is used in LIBs besed on its good electroconductivity?semiconductive?and unique continuous3-dimensional porosity structure.OSPC-1 bears a capacity of 784 mAh g^-1(twice of372 mAh g^-1,which is theoretical capacity of graphite)and totally different Li ion adsorption-desorption mechanism with graphite.Simulated capacity of OSPC-1structure fit well the experiment data.OSPC-1 show exactly high capacity even at high current density,stand as promising materials for LIBs.Simulated lithium ion diffusion efficient through OSPC-1 has far surpassed nonporous materials,can be compared with polymer electrolyte.It also has been proved that OSPC-1 show ability to inhibit dangerous lithium dendrite formation after long cycles or overcharge experiments.Good performances of OSPC-1 in LIBs will make it become star material in energy storage fields.Anyway,a new roadmap for the development of LIBs is also presented.In chapter IV,Properties of OSPC-1 on hydrogen,methane storage and capacity fields are studied,along with the ability for adsorption of CO₂.Capacities of OSPC-1activated at different temperature are shown in this capture to disscuss the potential of eneigy storge materials of OSPC-1 in supercapacitor.Outlook on preparing heteroatom doped OSPC-1 using Sonogashira-Higihara Cross Coupling reactiong with Pd/Cu as co-catalyst is shown to supply more approach to afford new porous carbon materials.