| The problem of water resources shortage and water pollution in the world today poses a serious threat to the ecological environment and the health of residents in the world,especially in developing countries.All countries are strengthening the regulation of river water pollution and carrying out research on new technologies for water pollution control.The comprehensive management of river water environment is an arduous task,which generally requires huge environmental protection investment and decades of unremitting efforts.Generally speaking,the comprehensive management of river environment should follow the ideas of “source reduction,process control,end restoration,and system management”.Its main work includes the investigation of the current situation of river water environment,river water quality assessment,river pollution source emission reduction,and pollutant discharge process control,river water environment restoration and other links.The governance work is interlocking,forming a systematic and comprehensive management system that complements each other and advances in turn.Fuhe River is located in the Haihe River Basin with the most serious river pollution in China.It belongs to the Daqing River water system and is located in the upper reaches of Baiyangdian Lake.It is one of the nine rivers flowing into Baiyangdian Lake.It is the only river in the nine rivers that crosses medium-sized cities and has water all year round,and the water environment is not optimistic for a long time.Taking Fuhe River as the research object,the research work on water quality investigation,evaluation,pollution source analysis and water environment treatment technology system of water shortage and sedimentation(lake)in North China is of great value to the Baiyangdian River Basin and the construction of Xiong'an New Area,and also can provide a reference for similar river research and practice.The research is based on the general process of river environment remediation.Firstly,carry out environmental investigation and evaluation work,master the current situation and change rules of the water environment in the study area.Then,carry out the identification and analysis of pollution sources,identify major pollutants,pollution sources and their pollution status the degree of contribution.Subsequently,the research on river water pollution prevention and control,water environment comprehensive treatment technology and management measures,and seek a suitable,systematic,scientific and effective technical system for comprehensive management of river water environment in the Huabei region of China.The main work and conclusions are as follows:The spatial and temporal differentiation characteristics of major pollutants in the Fuhe River Basin were analyzed.In 2014,Fuhe River main stream section of the urban river,DO was Class III,COD,ammonia nitrogen,TN and TP are inferior V.In 2018,DO was I-III,COD,ammonia nitrogen,TN and TP are III-V.In the above two years,the concentration of DO first decreased,and then increased slightly.From October to November,it was increased sharply and the lowest point appeared from July to August.From March to November in 2014,COD,ammonia nitrogen,TN and TP increased with time.It decreased from July to August,and increased sharply from September to November.It decreased slightly from April to July in 2018,and decreased sharply from August to November.In the 2018 year,the DO concentration in the Fuhe River Basin is in the I-III category.The four indicators of COD,ammonia nitrogen,TN and TP are basically V-inferior V in the period from April to August,and III-V in the September-November period.The variation of the monitoring points of the urban indicators in the five indicators is greater than that in the suburban and rural monitoring points,and the water quality of the moat in each tributary is the largest.The Kendal test results for the water quality from June to August of 2016-2018 in the river section of the main stream of the Fuhe River show that there are no obvious changes in the pH,COD,TN and TP during this period,ammonia nitrogen and turbidity showed “significant decline” and “highly significant decline”,DO presented a “highly significant increase” trend.Based on the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method to improve the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model,the comprehensive evaluation of water quality in the Fuhe River Basin was carried out.In 2014,the monitoring points in different hydrological period of the river section of the main stream of the Fuhe River were the worst in the V category.The water quality of F4,F5 and F6 downstream was better than the upstream of the F1,F2 and F3.The overall water quality of most monitoring sites was during the period of high water> flat water period> dry season;the order of subordination of different water quality standards for monitoring different water courses in the river section is dry season(0.8814)> flat water period(0.8333)> high water period(0.7559);The degree of membership of each water quality standard is inferior to Class V(0.8172)> Class V(0.1063)> Class IV(0.0616)> Class III(0.0151)> Class II(0)> Class I(0).In 2018,the annual water quality membership degree of Fuhe River Basin is inferior to Class V(0.4955)> Class IV(0.1401)> Class V(0.1174)> Class III(0.1000)> Class II(0.0722)> Class I(0.0748).Based on the principles of cluster analysis,principal component analysis,and absolute principal component-multivariate linear regression analysis,the analysis of pollution sources in the Fuhe River Basin was carried out.Using the principle of cluster analysis,the pollution source is divided into three areas: urban area,suburban area and rural area.Principal component analysis was used to identify the source of pollution in different hydrological periods in different regions.There were two main sources of pollution in the urban plain water period,which account for 51.151% and 30.914% of the total variance.There are two main sources of pollution during the flood season,which account for 53.016% and 26.240% of the overall variance.There is a major source of pollution in the dry seasons,accounting for 63.897% of the overall variance.There are two main sources of pollution in the subtropical plain water period,accounting for 52.304% and 26.448% of the overall variance;there are two sources of pollution during the flood season,accounting for 59.672% and 26.113% of the overall variance;there are two main sources of pollution during the dry season,explaining the overall variance 61.692% and 20.758%.There are two main sources of pollution in the rural plain water period,accounting for 49.033% and 32.74% of the overall variance;there are mainly two sources of pollution during the flood season,accounting for 48.159% and 23.900% of the overall variance;there are three main sources of pollution in the rural dry season,explaining The overall variance was 53.495%,23.158% and 20.033%.The contribution rate of main pollution sources in different hydrological periods to DO,COD,ammonia nitrogen,TN and TP in water bodies was calculated by APCS-MLR model.A simulation experiment on the treatment of Fuhe River water by reed subsurface flow constructed wetland was carried out.The effluent COD concentration in the laboratory simulation device is between 15.06-22.48 mg/L,between the II-IV standards,the removal rate is between 40.24%-55.09%.The effluent ammonia nitrogen concentration is 1.22-1.88 mg/L,between the III-V standards,the removal rate is between 54.26% and 67.05%.The effluent TP concentration is between 0.20 and 0.40 mg/L,between the III-V standards,and the removal rate is between 63.64% and 78.02%.On the whole,the ceramsite wetland effluent is better than the gravel wetland simulation device,and the effluent COD,ammonia nitrogen and TP can meet the functional positioning requirements of the Fuhe River water.Explore and construct a technical system for comprehensive management of water environment of the Fuhe River Basin.The system is divided into three aspects: pollution source and ecological interception technology system covering non-point source pollution control,point source pollution control and ecological waste,including the technical characteristics of urban non-point source,rural non-point source,industrial point source,living point source and ecological interception and its specific application recommendations in the Fuhe River Basin.Tributaries and upstream mainstream(urban)water quality improvement and comprehensive treatment technology system,middle and lower reaches of the mainstream(suburban and rural)water quality improvement and repair technology systems covering four aspects of river power regulation,sediment quality improvement,water quality improvement and ecological restoration,including the characteristics and adaptability of specific technologies such as water diversion,oxygenation and aeration,dredging and dredging,ecological floating islands,constructed wetlands and habitat restoration.Discuss and analyze the water environment management and maintenance management system of Fuhe River Basin.It is believed that the management and maintenance of water environment management in the Fuhe River Basin should be carried out from four aspects: perfecting and implementing the relevant laws and regulations on river protection management,establishing a scientific and efficient river comprehensive management organization,constructing a river protection and management service information system,and standardizing river construction engineering construction and operation and maintenance. |
PDF Full Text Request