The Application Of New Functional Materials In Biosensing And Antibacterial Therapy

With the development of biomedical engineering and materials science,functional materials have emerged.Among them,biomolecules and nanomaterials have attracted much attention due to their good biocompatibility,diverse structures and unique physicochemical properties.Based on these excellent properties,functional materials have been widely applied in many fields,including catalysis,sensing system,treatment of disease,environmental science,etc.In particular,they have shown great advantages in biosensing and antimicrobial therapy.Herein,we designed a series of new functional materials and successfully applied to biosensing and antibacterial treatment systems.The main results are summarized as follows:1.The DNA-based label-free artificial tongues with the advantages of simple design,convenient operation,and low cost have been designed.Based on the different interactions between DNA,biomolecules and metal ions,the fluorescence intensities of the sensor elements were changed to different degrees.In this way,various metal ions and biothiols could be efficiently distinguished by the array-based sensing method.Meanwhile,we constructed a multiple-readout system for pattern recognition of proteins using nanozyme.The peroxidase-like activity of the nanozyme could be changed to different degrees owing to the different interactions between the nanozyme and proteins.By choosing different combinations of absorbance intensities at various time points,multichannel information could be extracted from a single material for pattern recognition.These strategies may offer a potential approach to the detection of a broad spectrum of analytes.2.The formation of bacterial biofilm is one of the causes of antimicrobial resistance,often leading to persistent infections and a high fatality rate.Here,a simple and robust strategy for inhibiting biofilm formation has been developed using multifunctional nanomaterial.The function of bacterial adhesion-related molecule could be inhibited by the nanoplatform,leading to the disruption of the initial adhesion of drug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Furthermore,planktonic bacteria could be killed by reactive oxygen species which generated by photodynamic therapy of the nanoplatform.As a consequence,the synergic effect presenteed excellent capacity to inhibit biofilm formation in vitro and in vivo.Moreover,the system presented good biocompatibility and negligible toxicity,which may offer possibilities for use in biomedical application in the future.3.Artificial enzymes have provided great antimicrobial activity to combat wound infection.However,the lack of tissue repair capability compromised their treatment effect.Here,the hydrogel-based artificial enzyme concurrently with the excellent antibacterial activity and the property of promoting wound healing has been developed.The system possesses intrinsic peroxidase-like activity,which could catalyze low level of H2O2 into reactive oxygen species and exhibite broad-spectrum antimicrobial activities against both drug-resistant Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria.Meanwhile,copper ions could be slowly released from the hydrogel,improving wound healing.Furthermore,the hydrogel-based artificial enzyme possessed good biocompatibility,which has been prepared as wound dressing successfully and utilized for the treatment of bacteria-infected wound.