With the changing conception of pursuing life quality,an increasing number of people have been attracted to the surface texture,plumpness and gentle beauty of coatings in recent years.Optical coatings(matting and anti-glare)can endow the surface with texture and plumpness for feeling granular.Furthermore,the optical surface can bend the incident light to different angles,leading to softness for eyes.However,the fabrication of optical coatings was generally accomplished by introducing additives,and there are a few reports on the self-matting and self-antiglare coatings.Compared with introducing additives,self-matting and selfantiglare coatings can form many microparticles and/or nanoparticles of resin in the progress of emulsion.Thus,the optical coatings in homogeneous phase have many advantages,including excellent fluidity in the forming-film progress,color uniform,flexibility,abrasion-resistance and resistance to bending.However,due to the routine requirement of low VOC,water as solvent would result in some drawbacks,such as low solid content and poor water resistance.Moreover,the harness of optical coatings is also not high enough because of the nature of flexible polymers.As a result,the structural and compositional modification should be carried out to improve the performances of waterborne optical coatings for extensive applications.In this paper,the waterborne polyurethane(WPU)optical coatings were prepared,and then high solid content,self-healing,and superhydrophobic WPU optical coatings were prepared by chemical modification to solve the problems above,respectively.In addition,the optical theory was also explored.The specific contents are as follows:1.A series of WPU optical coatings using IPDI and PTMG as raw materials were successfully prepared by the method of internal emulsification with DMPA as small molecule chain extender,dibutyltin dilaurate as catalyst,and A95 and hydrazine hydrate as later chain extender.FT-IR,dynamic light scattering,60° gloss,and UV/Vis tests were carried out to characterize the structure of WPU optical coatings and their optical properties.Furthermore,SEM,grid,hardness,and water absorption tests were employed to characterize the surface morphology,adhesive force,hardness,and water resistance,respectively.Moreover,the effects of the content of different A95 on particles size,optical properties,surface morphology,adhesive force,hardness,and water resistance were investigated.The results suggested that the optical coatings met the requirements of antiglare and matt,respectively.However,there are some drawbacks,such as low solid content(only 30wt%),not high enough hardness(2H),and poor water-resistance.2.A series of WPU optical coatings with high solid content using IPDI and PTMG as raw materials were successfully prepared by the method of internal emulsification with DMPA and1,2-propylene glycol as small molecule chain extender,dibutyltin dilaurate as catalyst,and A95and hydrazine hydrate as later chain extender.Due to the wettability difference of DMPA and1,2-propylene glycol,the emulsions with bimodal particle size distribution were prepared.The optical properties were adjusted by controlling the molar ratio of later chain extender which leaded to the change in bimodal particle size and distribution.FT-IR,dynamic light scattering and Zeta potential tests were carried out to characterize the structure and emulsion properties of WPU coatings.Furthermore,60°gloss,UV/Vis,SEM,grid and hardness tests were employed to characterize the physical properties of films.Moreover,the effects of different DMPA content on the size distribution and surface morphology of bimodal particles were investigated.Meanwhile,the influence of A95 molar ratio on optical properties also was studied.Our study suggested that the optical coatings with high solid content(59.1wt%)and low viscosity(480.2 m Pa·s)were well controllable in optical properties,meeting the requirements of antiglare and matt,respectively.3.A series of self-healing WPU optical coatings were successfully prepared by the method of internal emulsification using HDI,TMDI,and IPDI as diisocyanate,PCL,PBA,PDCL,and PTMG as polymer diol,DMPA,2,2′-Diamino diphenyl disulfide,and 4,4′-Diamino diphenyl disulfide as small molecule chain extender,dibutyltin dilaurate as catalyst,and hydrazine hydrate as later chain extender.FT-IR,Raman,60° gloss and UV/Vis tests were carried out to characterize the structure and optical properties of self-healing WPU optical coatings.Furthermore,SEM,3D-contourgraph,polarizing microscope,XRD,variable temperature infrared,rheometer and tensile force testes were employed to characterize the surface morphology,physical properties and self-healing properties.Moreover,the effects of different diisocyanate,polymer diol,hard and soft segments,the configuration and content of diamino diphenyl disulfide,DMPA content and R value on the surface morphology and selfhealing properties were investigated.Meanwhile,the self-healing mechanism and the optical properties were of WPU optical coatings also studied.The optical properties of the roomtemperature self-healing coatings met the requirement of antiglare.Moreover,the optical coatings with superior mechanical properties exhibited the excellent self-healing capacity,the self-healing efficiency being 83.1% at 25 ℃ for 48 h.The reasons may be attributed to the cooperation of H-bonds and disulfide bonds,and H-bond exchange at 25 ℃ inducing disulfide metathesis.4.Superhydrophobic WPU optical coatings were successfully prepared by the method of internal emulsification using IPDI,PTMG,HEA,and AC-80 as raw materials,DMPA as small molecule chain extender,dibutyltin dilaurate as catalyst,and KH-570 as middle chain extender.Subsequently,acrylic acid 3-(trimethoxyl)propyl ester,ethenyltrimethoxylsila,and 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane were added into the emulsion above to process freeradical polymerization with azodiisobutyronitrile as initiator.FT-IR,TG and XRD tests were carried out to characterize the structure of WPU coatings.Furthermore,dynamic light scattering,Zeta potential,SEM,3D-contourgraph,contact angle,and water absorption tests were employed to characterize the emulsion properties,surface morphology and hydrophobic properties.Moreover,the effects of the content of KH-570,acrylic acid 3-(trimethoxyl)propyl easter and different trimethoxyl containing double bond on the emulsion properties,surface morphology and contact angle were investigated.Meanwhile,the superhydrophobic mechanism and the optical properties were also studied.The superhydrophobic coatings met the requirement of matt.Furthermore,the superhydrophobic film showed excellent long-term water-resistance and self-cleaning capacity.The water contact angle of the film reached 154.1°,and the surface energy and water absorption were only 1.82 m N·m-1 and 2.4%,respectively,resulting from the synergy effect of low surface energy and micro-nano structure.5.The roughness parameters and forward scattering intensity of WPU-D1 and WPU-D5 were calculated,and the possible mechanism of low gloss was discussed.Moreover,we also calculated the roughness parameters and forward scattering intensity of PWPU-3-2,NWPU-3-2,and WPU-3-2 to get a better understanding about the mechanism of low gloss.When the surface roughness of the film was low,the increasement in particles diameter could give rise to low gloss.In addition,low gloss surface could be constructed by altering the surface roughness with the restriction in particles size. |