Research On Mechanism And Prevention Of Frost Damage Of Heritage Buildings In Cold Region

Heritage buildings carrying thousands of years of historical and cultural information,which become a national and even the world’s precious,with high historical value,artistic value and scientific value.However,with the passage of time,many cultural heritage gradually appeared complex problems,especially in the cold area of China,there have been relatively complex types of diseases and morphological characterization,of which the most typical frost damage,its formation mechanism is relatively complex.In particular,in the process of prevention and treatment of frost damage,the choice of repair materials and technologies also needs to have certain regional approach,which deserves further exploration.Therefore,this paper makes the research on the mechanism analysis and prevention of the frost damage of the cultural relics,and provides reference for the protection of the cultural relics in the cold areas in China.Based on the relationship between the value of cultural heritage bu ildings and the prevention and cure of frost damage,this paper constructs a guiding and responding theory of value protection.First,through the multi-dimensional value system of cultural relics in cold region,it analyzes the guidance of the value evaluation on the leading direction of cultural relic protection,the establishment and measurement of value,determines the difference of importance of different cultural relics,and then sets up the corresponding protection decision,and finally embodies the core status of the heritage value.Secondly,the correspondence between protection and management measures is demonstrated by using the grade of different value cultural heritage buildings.The cultural heritage of the world,because of the different values and grades,the ways of the survey,monitoring,prevention and control of the diseases are also different to some extent.The article introduces the case of cultural relic building along the Chinese Easten Railway,and carries out theoretical analysis and construction.Finally,from the theoretical level of preventive protection,authenticity and integrity protection,the paper excavated the decision-making basis and guiding direction of the value of cultural relics to the prevention and control of frost damage.Under the value guidance,the gradation theory of the protection of cultural relics in cold area,and the theory of the response to the prevention and control of frost damage,thus form the theoretical framework of "value guidance,value and protection gradation,value and the response to the prevention and control of frost damage".Through the field investigation,inductive analysis,scientific experiment and case analysis,the article discuss the protection and frost prevention and control measures in the first step of cultural heritage buildings protection(information collection and disease mechanism analysis of frost damage),second step(prevention and control measures)and the third step(frost damage control strategy),that is,to carry out scientific,reasonable and efficient investigation,analysis and prevention of frost damage of buildings in cold areas.First of all,through a large number of frost information collection of heritage buildings,the establishment of freeze-thaw image data system,classification and quantification methods;meanwhile,from the perspective of physical environment and meteorological parameters,digging deep into the mechanism of frost damage;secondly,explore the mechanism of frost damage prevention and avoid frost damage from the source.Finally,the paper chooses the reliable traditional and modern frost resistance and anti-frost materials to prevent frostbite by means of adaptability.At the same time,under the principle and purpose of the protection of cult ural heritage,the authenticity and integrality of the value should be protected.From the macro to micro level,this paper discusses the prevention and control mechanism of frost damage in cultural relics in cold areas.From the perspective of different structures,materials,the concrete measures for the frost damage control of cultural relics in cold areas are studied under the related principles of cultural relic building protection.First,based on the core elements of frost damage,the concrete measures to isolate water are put forward,and the humidity control,structure detection and disease tracking of frost damage in cultural relics are analyzed.Secondly,real-time monitoring,regular testing and disease tracking are adopted to avoid freezing damage from different sources.Finally,a large number of author participated in the protection and restoration project of cold historical relic buildings were analyzed as a case.Through the analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of many domestic and international cases of cold diseases,this paper analyzes the characteristics of traditional materials and technologies,prevention strategies and measures to provide reference for the follow-up protection of the frost damage in our country,so as to effectively alleviate the trend of frost damage deterioration,further promote the protection of heritage buildings in cold region,and finally realize the protection of value.