Research On The Landscape Of Traditional Waterside Villages In Pearl River Delta

Pearl River Delta is a coastal lowland and inner-bay alluvial plain,where the network of waterways densely covered.The ancient residents began to exploit and utilize natural resources since Song and Yuan Dynasty based on the gradual mutual understanding of geographical environment.Drama development ushered a climax.A situation has been formed with the development of water region and comprehensive utilization of the land under the regulation of patriarchal law,which brought Pearl River Delta out of the situation of backwardness.It produced the great material civilization and spiritual civilization never seen before in the cultivation culture,and uncovered the chapter of the development of the Pearl River Basin.On the basis of relative researches and results from multiple disciplines such as Regional History,Human Geography and Sociology,the research of this thesis is focused on the landscape features of traditional settlements in Pearl River watery region from the angle of Architecture History and Landscape Morphology.With “the relationship of human and land under the influence of regional environmental characteristics” as guiding theory,the research analyzed the hierarchical structures and revealed the logic relationships of the landscape in traditional settlements.By exploring the natural feature,agricultural characteristics,morphological specificity,cultural quality,the thesis advanced the theoretical research on the traditional settlement landscape in the Pearl River Delta.It will promote the protective design of the watery region and the development in the fields of traditional settlements and landscapes.First,the thesis analyzed the natural and historical geography in Pearl River Delta.It revealed the features of natural landscapes in this area,including the hydrogeographical structures,distribution patterns of water and land,development of regional landscape.The texture structure of Pear River Delta is formed by water and land interweaving under the long development of history.The traditional settlement is a typical representative of natural organic evolution and is influenced by the geographical environment and regional culture.The river and sea were converged in Pearl River Delta.The network of waterways densely covered in this area.The terrain is flat and the soil layers are deep.Thus,the relationship of water and watery region was formed by natural environment;multiple differential utilization of land was formed by cultivation,while the site choice for living has led to the formation and development of settlements in watery region.Second,the thesis revealed the formation,economic development and features of agricultural landscape by analyzing the agricultural land conditions and agricultural production environment in Pearl River Delta.The land utilization was gradually developed since Song and Yuan Dynasty,which formed the traditional cultivation culture,the integration of agriculture and commerce and various types of agricultural economy guided by the situation.In this alluvial plain with densely covered network of waterways,the strong desire for farmland led ancient residents take reclamation as the important way for cultivation.Under such background,the geo economic mechanism is formed and attributable to the selection of the dike pond agricultural ecology.The effect to resist flood is also attributed to the construction of water conservancy project.Thus,the agricultural landscape of clansmen settlement was formed with water conservancy as the basis and water conservancy construction as restriction.The thesis also analyzed the morphological features of traditional settlement in traditional watery region of Pearl River Delta.It revealed various aspects of the construction of the overall layout,structure system,construction regulation and public space in a “surface-axis-point” way.By diagrammatizing the settlement patterns of self-organization and planning in traditional watery region of Pearl River Delta,the thesis demonstrated the structure of the water-dependent settlement space system,which focused on the architectures and living space of residents under the regulation of clan’s rules.It revealed the law and internal logic is centered on the water in traditional settlement of Pearl River Delta under the dual influences of natural geography and social culture.Finally,the thesis revealed the characteristics of human landscape in traditional watery region of Pearl River Delta by discussing the development of “Feng-Shui theory”,the use of the patriarchal clan rights,the ways for the worship of the gods and the cultural demands.All the views to environment,regulation,culture and aesthetic standard in traditional agrarian society of Pearl River Delta were formed based on the rules of “water”.The characteristic settlements of Pearl River Delta were gradually and finally formed in the long period of history under the multiple influences of natural,agricultural,morphological and humanity landscape.The site choice and wisdom for overall layout and space organization in the settlements have been attributed to the rules of watery environment,consanguinity identity and the worship of local gods.The traditional settlement of Pearl River Detla is now becoming history with the rapid village urbanization under the background of strong political orientation,social mechanism,and economic transition.It is important to pay attention to the land utilization of traditional settlements,the ecological remediation of agricultural landscape,the extension of settlement landscape,the cultural identity and the dynamic system of practical architecture with settlement environment,ecology and aesthetics.The research will help and promote us to better understand the connotation and change,survival and development of human home.