| Selenium?Se?is an essential nutrient for humans and animals.It plays an important role in maintaining human and animal immune systems,preventing cancer,cardiovascular disease and alleviating toxicity of heavy metals.Se is deficient in most main producing areas of wheat in China.In this study,different test sites were selected at Taigu County in Shanxi Province during 2016-2018 and the experiment studies on Se production technology and Se absorption mechanism of colored-grain wheat were carried out.The aim is to elucidate the effect of Se fertilizer on the production and provide theoretical basis and technical support for the production of Se-enriched colored-grain wheat.The study concluded:?1?Foliar application of different concentrations of Se fertilization could significantly increased the content of protein,starch,mineral elements and amino acids in grains,nevertheless,the yield and the content of gluten and fat did not significantly affect.The Shannong purple wheat?purple? and Shannong 031244?black?not only had higher nutritional value,but also had stronger Se accumulation ability than Shannong 129?red?.According to the relevant national standards,the Se concentration of Se-enriched wheat should be 0.15 ? 0.30 mg·kg-1.This study suggested that foliar Se should be applied once on second leaf of purple-grain and blank-grain wheat in the area of Taigu County Se deficiency in Shanxi Province in the actual production,which the foliar dosage was 12 ? 45 g·hm-2,and red-grain wheat foliar dosage was 34 ? 68 g·hm-2.?2?The yield of 202w17?purple?and Shannong 129?red?was significantly increased by different Se application methods,and the effect of soil application was significantly better than foliar application.The Se absorption and assimilation capacity of 202w17 was better than Shannong 129.In terms of selenium transport and absorption,the two fertilization methods follow the "proximity principle".After the Se soil application,the root of the wheat could absorb Se from the soil or fertilizer,and most remains in the underground,and the small amount was transported to the stem+leaf-glume-grain.After the Se foliar application,the transport capacity of Se in plant was extremely limited,and more Se was transferred to the ground,which promoted the transport of Se from stem+leaf-glume-grain.The two methods not only improved the Se concentration of the different colored-grain wheat plants and grains,but also promoted the absorption of Zn,Ca,Mg and amino acid production,and reduced the biological efficiency of Cd and Pb.?3?The yield of CA0547?white?could be significantly increased by the dosage and method of different Se application,but the yield was limited to a certain extent.When the Se application amount increased to a certain extent,the yield decreased.Se application could significantly increased the Se concentration of grain,and the utilization rate of Se decreases with the increase the concentration of foliar Se fertilizer.The Se concentration in whole wheat plant significantly increased,and presented “V”trend with the advance of growth period.The roots of the accumulation of Se significantly increased with the increase of growth period.The accumulation of Se in stem+leaf was an inverted v-shaped curve,which increased slowly at first and then decreased rapidly.The demand for Se in root,stem+leaf showed that the vegetative growth period was larger than the reproductive growth period.No matter which way of ratio could promoted the absorption of Zn,Ca,Mg and the production of amino acids through the metabolism regulation of Se,and reduced the biological efficiency of Cd,Pb,Cr,Cu and Mn.?4?If simultaneous improvement of yield and quality is required,soil application is recommended.If the quality is to be improved rapidly,foliar application can be adopted,which not only avoid soil environmental pollution but also improve the quality in actual production. |
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