| Cotton is the most important cash crop,which is the main raw material for the textile industry.The quality of cotton fiber is closely related to the textile products and development of cotton planting industry.So it has a very real historical significance to find out the distribution of cotton fiber quality in major cotton producing area in China.Based on indicators(upper half mean length,breaking strength,micronaire and spinning consistency index)of 531 regional trial cotton fiber from 2005 to 2014,we performed a systematic research about change law between different types of mature,cotton varieties and ecological zones.At the same time,we also give a comprehensive assessment of fiber traits and provide a regionalization according to the sub-region adaptation.Finally,based on the fiber quality data in 2005-2014,the grey prediction model and GGE model(Genotype main effect(G)and genotype(G)and the environment interaction effect(E)combined with the model)was established to predict the development trend of cotton fiber quality in China in the next 5 years and 10 years.The main results were as follows:1.Classification evaluation and fiber quality characteristics with different maturity cotton varieties based on Grey Relational AnalysisFiber quality traits of different maturity cotton types were analyzed with Grey Multidimensional Comprehensive Assessment(GMCA).Data sets were collected from national cotton regional trials from 2005 to 2014,including early-maturing,early-medium maturing and medium maturing variety trial in the Northwest Inland Valley(NWIV),the Yellow River Valley(YeRV)and the Yangtze River Valley(YaRV).Results were concluded that(1)There are 0.54%and 12.63%of all candidate lines of medium maturity divided into High yield and good quality(type I)and Common quality(type ?)of standard varieties respectively,the proportions of early-maturing are 7.09%and 18.44%,and early maturing cotton were 0.57%and 17.14%correspondingly.(2)Fiber length and Strength is higher than ideal varieties characters of grey correlation coefficient,followed by Spinning consistency index,again for Micronaire.(3)Comparing fiber quality to ideal trait via grey relational analysis,fiber quality of medium maturing varieties in the YeRV is better than medium maturing varieties in the YaRV.Comprehensive characters of fiber quality early-maturing cotton is the best maturing type in the NWIV.It is the first most important types in high-quality cotton production and breeding procedures in the NWIV.Secondly the most important cotton types are focused on medium-maturing variety in both YeRV and YaRV in China.(4)Medium-maturing varieties have mainly distributed in the YeRV and YaRV in China,nearly five years,medium maturing cotton varieties increased in the NWIV.Overall,in range on fiber length distribution of medium maturing varieties was 28.7-30.3mm,which reached requirement standard of high quality yarn.In recent years,it had downward trend on fiber length and strength of cotton varieties in the YeRV,strength distribution range 29.6-31.0cN·tex-1,medium to upper level,micronaire of three eco-region cotton with different maturity types have significant difference,micronaire of the YaRV had higher than the YeRV,and the YeRV had higher than in the NWIV.It had greatly improve over period from 2010 to 2014,micronaire has appeared more than 6.0.(5)This study shows that Above 10? Temperature Sum is the primary factor affecting fiber quality of conventional and hybrid cotton of medium-maturing varieties.2.Classification evaluation and fiber quality characteristics with different types cotton varieties based on the identical and different methodFiber quality had been analyzed for the comprehensive evaluation of hybrid and conventional cotton varieties with the identical and different method in crop breeding fields.The results showed:(1)Fiber quality characters in all of test varieties conformsed to the National Cotton Standards for examination and approval of type I and type II species accounted for total varieties of 0.94%,22.98%and 76.08%with common high yield type III and had not reach type ???,and ? varieties.Conventional cotton varieties with fiber quality qualified to type ??? and ?,Accounted for all of conventional varieties were 1.58%?28.4%and 14.76%;while proportions for hybrid cotton were 5.87%?19.94%and 10.56%respectively.(2)The identical degree of conventional and hybrid cultivars in the YeRV was estimated as 0.8693 and 0.8888,the identical degree of hybrid cotton in the YaRV was 0.8643,and that of cotton varieties in the NWIV was 0.8905 correspondingly.Fiber quality of conventional cotton in the NWIV was better than hybrid cotton in the YeRV,latter was better than those of conventional cultivars in the YeRV and hybrid cotton in the YaRV,which were no significant differences.In brief,fiber quality of conventional in the NWIV were proved to be of the most prospective potential types,which could be of important reference value in optimizing high-quality regional layout and adjusting cotton planting structure.It has suitable planting cotton area that medium length and high strength and medium micronaire of conventional varieties in the YeRV.The YaRV is suitable for planting long length and high strength and high micronaire for hybrid cotton variety regional.And the NWIV is suitable for planting long and fine quality of conventional varieties,as cotton industry spinning high yarn an important high-quality cotton production base.In brief,the fiber quality traits of conventional in the NWIV were proved to be of the most prospective potential cotton types,which could be of important reference value in optimizing high-quality cotton regional layout and adjusting planting structure in China.3.Studies on Regional Distribution Characteristics and Ecological Regionalization of Cotton Fiber Quality in Different Ecological Regions Based on GGE AnalysisEnvironment material were 19 sites of the YeRV,7 sites of early-maturing and 10 sites on early-medium maturing in the NWIV.To draw the double plot with GGE biplot method.Cotton fiber quality performance and environment interaction patterns based on the selection fiber quality breeding traits,correlation between spinning consistency index and fiber traits were explored with GGE biplot method to analyze the potential ecological regions.Research results showed that:(1)the significant correlations were found among fiber spinning consistency index,fiber length,strength and uniformity and Micronaire was significant related with elongation negatively,while no significant relationships among other traits were detected.(2)The target cotton planting region in the YeRV could be divided into three eco-regions in terms of fiber quality.Eco-region I including Siyang,Xiangshui,Lingbi,Xinxiang and Shangqiu.This eco-region characterized by best performances because fiber length,strength,uniformity and spinning consistency index were developed harmoniously,which was named as "super quality ecological regions.The eco-region ? covering Dali,Xihua,Shijiazhuang,Gucheng and Ningjin was characterized by relative higher micronaire,moderate performances of fiber length and strength,relative poor spinning consistency index,so named as "moderate fiber ecological region".Eco-region ? containing of Yangling,Yuncheng,Anyang,Handan,Cangzhou,Tianjin,Huimin,Jinxiang and Linqing,It was characterized by lower micronaire,called as"low micronaire ecological region".(3)It was also divided into three eco-regions of early maturing in the NWIV,as bellow:eco-region II(i.e.Jinghe);eco-region I[covering Usu and ACD6(the sixth Division of Agriculture production and Construction corps in xinjiang,in brief,the similar below)];eco-region III(Dunhuang,ACD7,ACD8,and Shihezi).(4)Early-medium maturing cotton planting regions of the NWIV was similarly separated into three eco-regions,eco-region III including Yarkand,Luntai,Bazhou,Kuqa,Shufu,ACD1,Tahe;eco-region II including Maigaiti and ACD3;eco-reg:ion I including Aksu.4.Trends and Temporal-spatial Distribution of Fiber Quality in the National Cotton Variety Regional Trials based on GM(1,1)modelThis study applied Grey Predicting Model to predict the trend of cotton fiber quality for next 5 years and 10 years in the YeRV,YaRV and NWIV.The temporal and spatial distribution of three cotton producing regions were analyzed.The results showed that overall fiber quality of the Regional Cotton Variety Trials was improved during from 2005 to 2014.Fiber length showed excellent and the distribution of threshold increased to 27.0-32.0mm,which fiber length of most cultivars reached 29mm or 30mm.Fiber strength showed generally increase trend,The proportion of high level(31.0cN·tex-1)had as high as 61.1%over all testing cultivars in 2011 year in the YaRV.Micronaire was significantly different between three major cotton regions.In the YeRV,micronaire was increased from class B2(4.3-4.9)to class C(?5.0);In the YaRV,it maintained in a high level of class C;while it performed excellent in class A(3.7-4.2)and B2 in the NWIV.As a comprehensive fiber quality trait,spinning consistency index decreased from the NWIV,the YaRV and the YeRV,and had ranged from 130 to 149,which was suitable for 40-50Yarn count and accounted for about over the total 80.0%.We concluded that the NWIV had the best fiber quality,followed by the YaRV,and the YeRV in recent ten years.In the near future,fiber quality in the regional cotton variety trails would slightly increase in the YaRV,but significantly decrease in the YeRV and the NWIV.These changes should be highly concerned for breeders,the committee of National Cotton Variety Regional trials and approval of management department in China. |
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