| Acanthopanax senticosus is one of the most important traditional Chinese medicinal ma terials in Northeast China.With the increasing exploitation in recent decades,the population of Acanthopanax senticosus is becoming increasingly endangered.Artificial cultivation of A canthopanax senticosus has become an inevitable trend of resource protection and industrial development.However,there is little research on Acanthopanax senticosus cultivation,and t here is no in-depth study on its plant nutrition.Acanthopanax senticosus is one of the most i mportant traditional Chinese medicinal materials in Northeast China.With the increasing ex ploitation in recent decades,the population of Acanthopanax senticosus is becoming increasi ngly endangered.Artificial cultivation of Acanthopanax senticosus has become an inevitable trend of resource protection and industrial development.However,there is little research on Acanthopanax senticosus cultivation,and there is no in-depth study on plant nutrition and ba lanced application As a scientific way of nutrient management,fertilizer plays a role in regul ating the yield and quality of medicinal plants in the ecological planting of traditional Chines e medicine.At the same time,the input of exogenous nutrients will change the soil microbial community.The change of soil microbial community will affect its growth by changing the t ransformation of soil nutrients,the decomposition of organic matter,the formation of humus,the maintenance of soil fertility and the transformation of nutrient elements.Therefore,in vie w of the nutrient management of Acanthopanax senticosus,this paper focuses on the effects and mechanisms of N,P,K and their combined application on the growth,metabolism and s oil microecological changes of Acanthopanax senticosus.The results are as follows:(1)In the study of nitrogen treatment,the mortality of Acanthopanax senticosus seed lings was the lowest in the treatment group of N2(60g / m2);in the study of potassium treat ment,the mortality of Acanthopanax senticosus seedlings was the lowest in the treatment gr oup of K2(60g / m2);in the study of phosphorus treatment,the mortality of Acanthopanax s enticosus seedlings was the lowest in the treatment group of P4(200g / m2).(2)IThere was a negative correlation between the ratio of root to shoot and the amou nt of nitrogen applied.Phosphorus supplement is more beneficial to dry matter accumulation in the underground of Acanthopanax senticosus seedlings.According to the comprehensive analysis of biomass,root length,number of connections,root tip,number of branches and surf ace area,the supplement of phosphorus is more conducive to the root development of Acanth opanax senticosus.The content of N,P,K and the proportion of roots,stems and leaves of A canthopanax senticosus seedlings were different at harvest.(3)Under the condition of nitrogen and phosphorus nutrition stress and excessive su pplement,the antioxidant enzyme activity and soluble sugar content of Acanthopanax sentic osus increased significantly,which indicated that under the condition of nitrogen and phosph orus nutrition stress and excessive supplement,environmental stress was caused to the seedli ngs,and the plants slowed down the peroxidation injury and increased the soluble sugar cont ent and increased the osmotic pressure to maintain the physiological stability of the seedlings.(4)N4 and N5 treatments significantly increased the L-phenylalanine content in the s tem,N5 treatment significantly increased the protocatechuic acid content in the stem,N3 tre atment significantly increased the acanthopanax B content in the stem,nitrogen supplement s ignificantly increased the acanthopanax E content in the stem,among which N5 treatment gr oup had the largest content of Acanthopanax,N3 treatment group significantly increased the quercetin and promethazine content in the stem,The content of quercetin in roots of N4 treat ment group was significantly increased.The content of secondary metabolites in different pa rts of Acanthopanax senticosus was increased in K2,K3,K4 and K5 treatment groups.In P1 treatment group,L-phenylalanine content in roots was significantly increased,in P3 treatmen t group,the content of Acanthopanax B was significantly increased;in P2 treatment,protocat echuic acid and rutin content were significantly increased,in P4 and P5 treatment,the conten t of promethidine was significantly increased;in P3 treatment,the content of Hyperoside in Acanthopanax B alloy was significantly increased,and in P5 treatment,the content of chloro genic acid was significantly increased.(5)Through the analysis of the similarity between anosim groups,the differences of t he door,class,order,family,genus and species of the samples under different fertilization tre atments were significantly greater than those within the group,and the groups were significa nt and the differences between the groups were significant.The total number of microbial ge nes under different fertilization treatments: n > k > od > P > CK group.The diversity and ev enness of microbial population in group CK was the worst;that in Group K was the best,followed by that in group n slightly;that in group OD was the second,but the evenness was goo d;that in group P was worse than that in group n,K and OD.(6)There are many dominant species under nitrospirae in the taxonomic classification o f phylum,and there are significant differences in the abundance of different fertilization met hods.Using the function annotation results of KEGG database,we found that in the process of soil nitrogen cycle,according to the change rule of gene biomarker,we can infer that in th e reaction of degradation rate reduction and nitration,N treatment has significant influence o n the transformation among ammonia,nitrite and nitrate,degradation rate reduction and asim ilarity rate In the reduction reaction,OD treatment has a significant impact on the transforma tion of nitrite ammonia,while P treatment has a significant impact on the transformation of d issociative rate reduction and asimilary rate reduction. |
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