Gut Microbiota In Infants With Breast Milk Jaundice By High-throughput Sequencing And Metabonomics Analysis

PART ?: HIGH-THROUGHPUT SEQUENCING-BASED GUT MICROBIOME COMPOSITION AND FUNCTION ANALYSIS IN INFANTS WITH BREAST MILK JAUNDICEObjective:This case-control study investigated an association between breast milk jaundice(BMJ)and infants' gut microbiome.The study included determination of the diversity of the gut microbiome and identification of bacterial genera associated with BMJ.Methods:The study population consisted of 16 infants with BMJ and 18 breastfed infants without jaundice(control).DNA collected from feces was analyzed by PCR amplification and 1% agarose gel electrophoresis,and then sequenced with a Mi Seq system.Relative quantification bioinformatics was employed to analyze the DNA sequencing data.An Illumina high-throughput sequencing platform was used to analyze 16 S r RNA variable regions V3 and V4 in stool samples.Results:In BMJ group,the proportion of Streptococcus(genus level)in the gut microbiome was significantly higher than that of the control group.,and the Enterococcus(genus level)was significantly lower compared with the control group(P<0.05);However,the prevalence of Proteobacteria?Clostridium?actinomycetes and Bacteroides in the gut microbiome of the two groups was similar;There was no statistical difference between the two groups in microbial diversity(P>0.05);16s functional prediction showed that penicillin and cephalosporin biosynthesis metabolic pathway in BMJ group was significantly higher than that of the control group in the lever3 lever(P<0.05).Conclusion:The prevalence of Streptococcus and Enterococcus in the gut of breastfed infants is important for BMJ development.PART ?:METABOLOMICS-BASED GUT MICROBIOME CHARACTERISTICS ANALYSIS IN INFANTS WITH BREAST MILK JAUNDICEObjective:Analyze the differential metabolites of gut microbiome in infants with breast milk jaundice,investigated biomarkers association breast milk jaundice(BMJ)by the metabolomics method.Methods:The study population consisted of 30 infants with BMJ and 35 breastfed infants without jaundice(control).Gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer(GC-MS)was used to target the metabolites of bacteria for the determination of short-chain fatty acids.Results:Sixty-five stool samples were included in the study.In BMJ group,the proportion of acetic acid in the BMJ group was lower than that of the control group,and the propionic acid was lower than that of the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion:The decrease of short-chain fatty acids in the breast milk jaundice.This maybe indicates that acetic acid and propionic acid have an important biomarks with the occurrence of breast milk...