Study On The Relationship Between Environment And Gene On Sarcopenia In Middle-aged And Older Adults

Objective:Investigate the basic situation of dietary nutrition,sleep quality and physical activity of middle-aged and older adults.To measure handgrip strength,gait speed and body composition,get the prevalence of sarcopenia.Explore the relationship between environmental factors and sarcopenia.The effect of gene polymorphism of TP53,VDR,BRAP,TRHR,ACTN3 and CAV1 on sarcopenia was also investigated.Then analysis environment and gen interaction on sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults.Our research provided etiology theoretical basis for the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia in middle-aged and older adults.Methods:Cross-sectional study was used to among 1886 middle-aged and older adults who met the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Questionnaire,physical examination and laboratory tests were used to investigate the relationship between environment factors and sarcopenia.Case and control group were matched in 1:2 by method Propensity Score Matching.Using PCR-LDR method to detect gene polymorphisms of TP53(rs1042522),VDR(rs1544410,rs2228570),BRAP(rs3782886),TRHR(rs16892496),ACTN3(rs1815739),CAV1(rs3807987).Find the susceptible genes of sarcopenia by comparing the genotype distributions between case and control groups.Generalized Multifactor Dimensionality Reduction was used to analysis the interaction effect of environment and gene.Results:(1)The prevalence of sarcopenia was 11.0%in adult over 50 years old.The prevalence of sarcopenia was different by age,education level,monthly income,marital status and smoking status.The percentage of HS≤26kg was 25.8%in male,the percentage of HS≤18kg was 21.8%in femal.The percentage of GS≤0.8m/s was 11.5%.The percentage of SMI≤7.0kg/m2 was 20.7%in male,the percentage of SMI≤5.7kg/m2 was 26.5%in femal.(2)The average daily intake of cereals,livestock and poultry,beans and nuts were higher than recommended,vegetables,fruits,fish and shrimps,milk were lower than recommended.The average daily intake of VA,VB1,VC,Ca and Na were lower than recommended.The propotion of energy providing was high in carbohydrate and less in fat.The dietary nutrition was different by gender,age and ethnic(P<0.05).(3)The average PSQI score was(5.93±3.80)in middle-aged and older adults,46.9%of them had poor sleep quality.The score of sleep quality among female and age ≥70 were higher than male and other two aged groups(P<0.05).(4)The average physical activity metabolic equivalent was 2071(1188,3000)(METs·min/week)in middle-aged and older adults.The metabolic equivalent was lower in male and age over 60 years old(P<0.05).(5)The average daily intakes of nutrients in sarcopenia were lower than control group(P<0.05).The average daily intakes of nutrients were different between the subjects with abnormal HS,GS,SMI and normal group(P<0.05).(6)The PSQI scores in sarcopenia,abnormal HS and GS group were high(P<0.05).(7)The average physical activity metabolic equivalents in sarcopenia,abnormal HS,GS and SMI group were lower than normal group(P<0.05).(8)The logistic regression showed that portein,VB1,VC and physical activity were protective factors of sarcopenia(OR<1 and P<0.05),fat was risk factor(OR>1 and P<0.05).The multiple linear regression showed that portein,dietary fiber,VC and physical activity were protective factors of HS(β>0 and P<0.05),fat,carbohydrate and PSQI were risk factors(β<0 and P<0.05).Meanwhile,VC,physical activity were protective factors of GS(β>0 and P<0.05),fat was risk factor(β<0 and P<0.05).Portein,VC and physical activity were protective factors of SMI(β>0 and P<0.05).(9)HDL-C in sarcopenia were higher than those in control group,while DBP,BMI,WC,FM,FFM were lower than those in control group(P<0.05).(10)The HS of CC genotype at TP53 rs1042522 was greater than CG and GG genotypes in male.GS and SMI were different between genotype groups at VDR rs1544410 in male.Compared with CC genotype of VDR rs2228570,GG genotype had a higher risk of sarcopenia(OR=1.612,95%CI:1.016,2.559),while the GS in male and HS in female were different in genotype groups.Compared with CC genotype of BRAP rs3782886,TT genotype had a lower risk of sarcopenia(OR=0.402,95%CI:0.184,0.880),while the GS in male were different in genotype groups.There was no diffenence in the frequency of TRHR rs16892496 genotype between sarcopenia and control group(P>0.05),but C allele had a lower risk of sarcopenia(OR=0.786,95%CI:0.620,0.998).The SMI in male and HS,GS in female were different in genotype groups.GS were different between genotype groups at ACTN3 rs1815739 in male.GS,SMI in male were different between genotype groups at CAV1 rs3807987.(11)After adjusted confounding factors the multiple linear regression showed that the GG genotype of VDR rs2228570 and TT genotype of BRAP rs3782886 were related to HS.CT genotype of VDR rs1544410,CA genotype of TRHR rs16892496 and TT genotype of ACTN3 rs1815739 were related to GS.TT genotype of BRAP rs3782886 was related to SMI.All above differences have statistical significance(P<0.05).(12)GMDR analysis showed in the environment-environment interaction,physical activity and protein interaction was related to sarcopenia;physical activity,protein and PSQI interaction was related to HS.In gene-gene interaction,rs16892496 and rs3782886 interaction was related to sarcopenia.In environment-gene interaction,physical activity and rs3782886 interaction was related to sarcopenia;physical activity and rs16892496 interaction was related to HS.Conclusion:(1)The dietary nutrition of middle-aged and older adults was unbalance,the sleep quality was poor and the physical activity level was acceptable.Compare to nomal person,sarcopenia and subjects with abnormal HS had less dietary nutrition intake,poor sleep quality and lower physical activity.Meanwhile,dietary nutrition and physical activity were related to GS and SMI.(2)The GG genotype of VDR rs2228570 and TT genotyp of BRAP rs3782886 were related to sarcopenia and HS.The CT genotype of VDR rs1544410,CA genotype of TRHR rs16892496 and TT genotype of ACTN3 rs1815739 were related to GS.The TT genotype of BRAP rs3782886 was relaed to SMI.(3)In the environment-environment interaction,physical activity and protein interaction was related to sarcopenia.In gene-gene interaction,rs16892496 and rs3782886 interaction was related to sarcopenia.In environment-gene interaction,physical activity and rs3782886 interaction was related to sarcopenia.