| In the field of comparative religion,sports is less included as a dimension.While in real life,sports has a close relationship with religion.Christianity plays a prominent role in the development and international dissemination of modern sports,while traditional Chinese health perservation sports are deeply influenced by Taoism both in form and in theory.From ancient to modern times,the relationship between Christianity,Taoism and sports activities has undergone great changes,which has directly affected the historical trend of sports.The analysis of the causes and the comparison of the changes will not only help to solve the sports problems of the modern and contemporary times,but also provide a new perspective for the study of Christianity and Taoism.Based on the historical materialism as the basis of epistemology and taking religious comparison as the main method,this thesis is tries to explore the relationship from the historical evolution of Christianity and Taoism,in order to have the benefit of the religious academic research.The thesis is divided into two parts,organized by six chapters.The content of the former part(the first three chapters)is concentrated on the middle ancient period.The content of the latter part(the latter three chapters)focuses on the modern period.The main content of each chapter are described below:The first chapter is the sports activities from the view of Christianity and Taoism in the middle ages.Firstly,this chapter talks about the tension relationship between medieval Christianity,knights sports and folk sports.Although medieval sports were not recognized by orthodoxy and churches,they persisted for a long time.It is because of the churches vague ambiguous attitude based on the situation.At the same time,there is a great tension and interpretation space between the reality and principles of Christian in the Middle Ages.Secondly,it analyzes the relationship between health perservation sports and Taoism.The most basic reason of the flourish of Taoism perservation health sports is that is a kind of religious practice of Taoism.Lastly,the comparison between the two types,the fundamental difference about the cognition of sports activities is the distinct of the body view.On the practical level,it is concerned with the relationship between the two religions and the secular world.The second chapter is the two religious views of body and their influence on sports.First of all,it introduces the complex of Christian body view which is influenced by Greek and Hebrew culture.The church's hostile attitude towards sports is not to human body,but hostile to “physical desire”.Secondly,the physical activity developed by Taoism practice is based on Taoist concept of body,it is great importance to the existence of “physical body”,and regard the body and spirit as a harmonious whole.Finally,this thesis points out the Taoist body view theory and practice show a high integrity and internal self-consistency by comparing the two religions,which promotes the development of physical activity in their own interior.But Christianity is full of internal differences in body concept,which makes Christianity adopt a contradictory utilitarian attitude towards body movement as a whole.The third chapter reflects the relationship between the sacred and the secular reflected by the two major religious sports views.Firstly,it points out the complex attitude of affirmation and negation of Christianity to the secular world in theory in medieval times,which combined with the tradition of Christian emphasis on practice,resulting in the complicated realistic relationship between negation and utilization of sports activities.Secondly,because Taoism health perservation sports is an important carrier for Taoism to communicate the sacred with the secular,which reflects the close relationship between Taoist sacred and secular world.Finally,by comparing the two religions,the complex relationship between Christianity and sports shows their adaptability to the secular world and their ability to self-regulate,and the harmonious relationship between Taoism and health perservation sports reflects the consistency between the theory and practice of Taoism in dealing with the relation between sacred and secular,but this also leads to the closeness of otherness which are different from their own doctrines.The fourth chapter introduces the change of the relationship between the two religions and sports activities in modern times.Firstly,it points out that the emergence of the thought of “muscular Christians” and its sports practice,which symbolizes the beginning of modern Christianity's acceptance of sports activities and reflects the change of modern Christianity.Secondly,modern Taoist health perservation sports began to accept modern science to adapt to the changes of the times,but at the same time,Taoism itself was unable to break through the traditional bondage,which led to the split path of health perservation sports and Taoism.Finally,the inner flexibility of Christianity and the tradition of paying attention to practice formed the openness of treating new things,which made sports and modern Christianity intermingle with each other.In accepting modern science,Taoism health perservation sports destroyed the consistency and harmony between the ancient health sports and Taoist religious theory,and promoted the separation of Taoism and health perservation sports.The inner closeness of traditional Taoism lead to this.result.The fifth chapter focuses on the change of the body view of the two major religions in modern times.After entering modern times,although there are still conservative Christian hostile to sports and body,the physical body has acquired the legal status in many new sects that accept sports.The tension between soul and body has been resolved from the middle ages.With the separation of health reservation sports and Taoism,the Taoist view of body has divided,which manifests “the secular body” represented by the secularization of health preservation sports and “the divine flesh body” represented by adhering to the traditional practice of immortality.Comparing the two “bodies”,this difference reflects the absorption and processing capacity of the two views to new environment and elements in modern times.That is to say,whether it is open or not.In addition,modern sports is based on modern science.Whether sports science can be accepted and absorbed,also reflects the rational degree of the two religious views on body.The sixth chapter reflects the sacred and secular relationship between the two major religious sports activities in modern times.First of all,the modern British and American Christianity advocated the sports to embody the secularization development tendency,but they still serves the individual and the society spiritual salvation and also have the special properties,.It is a way for modern Christianity to adjust itself according to the change of secular world.Secondly,the separation of modern Taoism and health perservation sports reflects the separation of the sacred and secular world in Taoist tradition.In the end,the acceptance of sports by Christianity is the result of its successful adaptation to the changes in the secular world.In the process of protestant reformation of Catholic thought in the middle ages,the intrinsic secularization and rationalization elements of Christianity play an important role.In contrast,Taoist tradition is too close to the secular world.The religious goals are often difficult to make effective adjustment with the secular world changes dramatically.At the same time,health perservation sports also lose the function of communicating the sacred with the secular.Conclusion: summarize the full text and put forward the modern enlightenment of the research. |
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