A Study On The Urbanization Transition Communsity Development Of The Frontier Ethnic Areas From The Perspective Of Assets Construction

Since the 1990s,there have been more and more transitional communities in the frontier ethnic minority regions according to the accelerating process of china's urbanization and industrialization.Under the discourse context of modernization and urbanization,it has always been neglected that the development of these transitional communities in the frontier ethnic minority regions has its profound particularity resulted from its unique culture,society and economy factors.Crucial social transformations have occurred in these communities which include the decline of ethnic minority culture,the transition and disintegration of the traditional social relations in rural society and the change of the economic activities.The first question has come out that in accordance with the subjective prospect,the life history and the value pursuit of the ethnic minority peasants,how these transformations mentioned above have exerted an constructive and instrumental influence on the development of these communities in the perspective of development anthropology.And this crucial question deals with the normative goals of community development.The second question follows that what kind of public policy and institutional arrangement ideals and methods should been adopted to interfere with the development of these transforming communities in the frontier ethnic minority regions.Community development has been an important "field" of social policy.Since the reforming and opening in china,constantly positive effects have been generating to improve community development in the frontier ethnic minority regions by the state-driven development interference and the participant development practices implemented by the native and abroad social organizations.Since the new century society construction has become a vital element of Chinese development strategy.Therefore,community development in the frontier ethnic minority regions has been pushed forward profoundly.At the same time the researches about the ideas and practices of social policy have been booming by learning the latest progresses of social policy from the developed countries.Under the background of the contemporary Chinese reality,it is not only an academic mission but also a growth point in knowledge that to study the ideas and interference methods of social policy about how to improve community development of the frontier ethnic minority regions in the process of urbanzition.Social policy about assets building is one of the latest achievement in the theories and practices of social welfare policy in the western countries.Beginning with literature analysis and choosing the transforming communities W village,K village and F village of NaXi ethnic minorities as the study cases in Lijiang,Yunnan province,this research has used field study to investigate the social transitions of the transforming communities in the frontier ethnic minority regions in the perspective of community assets building in order to discuss the relation between community assets building and community development and to research the social policy methods about how to improve community assets construction in these communities.This research has probed into the following questions.(?)This study has discussed the relation between community social capital and community development in the transforming communities of the frontier ethnic minority regions.In these communities,there has been the gradual decay of social trust and reciprocal cooperation,the trustful crisis about local governments,the rapid transition of function and structure of social relation network,the alienation of community public sphere due to traditional social capital and the difficulty in construction of modern social capital and political capital.As the results,not only the community publicity has continuously broken down and the community public politics has gradually alienated,but also community has little by little descended to a physical space of living and dwelling.Consequently these communities confront with the problem of social base reconstruction.(?)An investigation has been carried out in this study about the link between community cultural capital and community development in the transforming communities of the frontier ethnic minority regions.In these communities,there has been the predicament in accumulation of knowledge-skill cultural capital,the emerge of anomie phenomenon because of morality transition,the increase danger in the inheritage of ethnic language,the lack of broad participation in the conservation and development of objective cultural capital such as ethnic music and dance and the rising crisis about the accumulation and construction of institutionalized cultural capital.Therefore the cultural potence of endogenous community development has been impaired on account of the continuously decrease in ethnic cultural characteristics and sustainable community development has also been obstructed owing to the sluggish accumulation of individual cultural capital.(?)This study has inquired into the connection between community economical capital and community development in the transforming communities of the frontier ethnic minority regions.The accumulation of family economical capital has been hampered by the structural social exclusion in economical and financial markets while the accumulation of community collective economical capital and the conservation and utilization of community natural resources has been blocked by a lot of structural factors.Hence an urgent realistic demand has come into being for institutionalized public policy as to construct community economical capital.(?)In the conclusive part of this study,the conclusive viewpoint of this study has been put forward in accordance with the field study and the reflection about the state-driven development interferences and the participant development practices in the communities of the frontier ethnic minority regions.The non-institutionalized individualization has been the most significant characteristics of the contemporary modernization and urbanization in the communities of the frontier ethnic minority regions which has been bringing about the most profound impact on social transitions and producing many restrictively structural factors to hamper the expanding of the peasants' substantive freedoms and capabilities.So the improvement in the peasants'substantive freedoms and capacities must be regarded as the normative bedrock for community development in these regions.Furthermore community assets construction has played the most important role in expanding the peasants' substantive freedoms and capacities.Therefore it is the premise condition of participant,endogenous and sustainable development in the transforming communities of the frontier ethnic minority regions that the institutionalized social policy should be implemented to eradicate the restrictively structural factors in order to construct community social capital,cultural capital and economical capital.