Study On Comparison Between Lenin's And Gramsci's Ideology Theories

In the history of Marxist ideology theories,Lenin and Gramsci,the two Marxist theorists and revolutionists who were from two different camps,the East and the West combined with their unique national cultural tradition and specific national conditions respectively and formed their own ideology theories which were both unique and mutual reflecting.Due to different cultural heritage,social structure and revolutionary situation,Lenin and Gramsci explained the purport of their hegemony and the content of ideology differently which reflected in different understanding in the following aspects:emphasis points of hegemony,necessary condition and the way of obtaining hegemony,classification standard,working place and carrier,subject and way of constructing and educating of ideology.However,because of their same theory of inheritance of Marx's ideology and its inevitable logic result in practice,they also showed obvious intercommunity that they both stressed the importance of insisting proletariat hegemony and paid attention to totality view of hegemony construction,deconstructed negative meaning of ideology,emphasized motility of ideology,attached importance to the main effect of party and intellectuals and highlighted the vital function of language expression and education training institutions(carrier)of ideology.Both Lenin's and Gramsci's ideology theories are of great innovativeness.Lenin's innovativeness is on the following areas:firstly,he put forward scientific conception of ideology and expounded construction problem of socialist ideology;secondly,he expanded class nature of ideology to the principles of party spirit;thirdly,he discussed the ideological indoctrination theory all-roundly.Gramsci's innovativeness lies in the following aspects:firstly,he reconstructed theory of the state by setting forth integrated state conception and underlined ethical culture function of the state;secondly,he discussed the micro psychological mechanism of ideology by emphasizing ideological function of culture;thirdly,he identified the macro operation institutions of ideology by extending connotation of ideology.They also had their own limitation.Lenin emphasized indoctrination of ideology which lacked self-conscious elements and accordingly was difficult to obtain conscious identity of the masses.Gramsci's ideology theory showed incoherence,non-systematic and lackness of rigour in lots of demonstrations.However,both sides are highly complementary along with the continuously progress of globalization:one is unification of forcing hard power from extrinsic and willing soft power from inner,the other is combination of political ideology(elites)and national ideology(the masses).To the challenge of ideology construction of our country,study on comparison between Lenin's and Gramsci's ideology theories has great sense of enlightment.The enlightment to the main content of our ideology construction lies in five sides:innovation under the premise of sticking is the basic tasks;realization of the public identity is the main target;promoting quality of subjects of education is the inherent request;enhancing effectiveness of broadcast is the important means;persisting in totality and cooperativity is the essential condition.Accordingly,the enlightment to the implementation path are the following five aspects:establishing socialist core values to rich ideological connotations;building "the Chinese Dream" to propel public consensus;reinforcing the advanced construction of the party and intellectuals to ensure the directivity;paying attention to social organization management and forming the three-dimensional diverse ideological dissemination system;carrying out the Four-Pronged Comprehensive Strategy to strengthen the explanatory power and cohesive force.