Marxist View Of Masses And Its Contemporary Value

Although the titles are different,the masses have always existed.Whether the ignorance of the ancient Chinese masses,or The Crowd of the Western vision,the masses have not received deserved respect until they enter the vision of Marxism.The creation of historical materialism has rationalized the world of the masses,and the masses have also obtained the original source and the true solution.As a theoretical pillar of historical materialism,Marxist mass view is also the general view and fundamental viewpoint of Marxist political party's scientific view of the status and role of the masses,and correctly handles the relationship with the masses.Marxist mass view which is created by Marx and Engels,has its inherent generation logic and formation trajectory.Along with the transformation of Marx and Engels' worldview,in the process of "focusing on the masses","going close to the masses" and finally "going into the masses",the basic views and basic theories of the Marxist mass view have gradually formed.As a "realistic person of history",people are always "individuals in certain historical conditions and relationships." Therefore,people not only have a natural relationship,but also a social relationship between people.As an animal of social relations,people need to have a general grasp and opinion on the relative parties of the relationship.The group that refers to the "mass" is the issue of the masses.Generally speaking,the concept of masses is a world view on mass issues,a general view and basic view on the status and role of the masses,which is formed by the questioning and thinking of the masses' related issues.It is a concrete embodiment of the philosophical worldview in the mass world.The problems of the times are often expressed as "the problems of the masses." The questioning and thinking of the masses of the world has always been accompanied by the development of human society.Due to the differences in philosophical positions,the view of the masses also has the meaning of idealism and materialism.Before Marxism founded historical materialism,historical idealism ruled people's thoughts for a long time.Because they could not correctly understand the scientific connotation of practice,most thinkers resorted to the development of history to "heroes",thus obliterating the status and role of the masses.In the "Introduction to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Law" published in 1844,the young Marx expressed dissatisfaction with the status quo of Germany.It is "the giant of thought,the dwarf of action." At the same time,he proposed a "practice" solution-"The critique of speculative legal philosophy is a resolute resistance to the form of political consciousness in Germany so far,it will not focus on itself,but will focus on the subject,this kind of There is only one solution to the problem: practice." Obviously,a master of idealism like Hegel cannot be the real subject of practice,and the subject of practice can only be the masses mastered by theory.As stated in the Introduction: "Criminal weapons cannot of course replace the criticism of weapons.Material power can only be destroyed by material power;but once the theory masters the masses,it will become material power.The theory can be mastered as long as it convinces people.The masses,as long as the theory is thorough,can convince people.The so-called thoroughness is to grasp the root of things.But the root of man is the person itself." Here,Marx established the meaning of practice,and the thought is no longer confined to pure speculation,but to social practice.It also established for the first time the subjective position of the masses in the process of social history and its great role in practice,and initially laid the theoretical foundation of the Marxist mass view in the sense of materialism.On this basis,Marx and Engels further clarified in the series of writings that the masses are the subject of practice and the creator of wealth;revealing the self-liberation and liberation of the people;demonstrating the relationship between the masses and the political parties,Major mass theory and practical issues such as the relationship between the proletariat and the allies and the great union of the people around the world.Therefore,the Marxist view of the masses is based on Marx and Engels on the basis of interpreting the scientific concept of practice and abandoning the traditional views of the masses of the West.After Plekhanov and others' initial attempts,Lenin further transformed the Marxist mass view into Russia,formed the Leninist mass view,and helped to open the historical process of combining the Marxist mass view with China's reality,forming a Chineseized Marxist view of the masses.In this process,Mao Zedong established the theoretical core of the Chinese Marxist mass view.Deng Xiaoping laid a solid foundation for the socialist mass concept with Chinese characteristics.Jiang Zemin and Hu Jintao enriched the socialist mass concept with Chinese characteristics,and Xi Jinping created a new realm of masses view with Chinese society characteristics.As a practical reflection and theoretical summary of how Marxism "view" the masses and how to "treat" the masses,the Marxist mass view has strict logic system consisting of mass subject theory,mass power theory,mass relationship theory,mass work theory,And mass standard theory.Different from Hegel and others eliminating the masses to build an ideology and explain the world,Marxism began to establish its own historical philosophy system based on practice,focusing on the world of masses,establishing the subjective position of the masses,revealing the logic of how Marxism "views" the masses.The masses are the active subjects of the "objective" activities,releasing and displaying the subjectivity of the masses in the "objective" activities.Their basic manifestations are the whole Mass power of understanding,practice,and aesthetics abilities to transform the world.It is in the process of mass materialization and realization that formed a unique political party relationship in modern history.According to the principle of intersubjectivity,Marxism further examines the relationship between the various subjects of the masses and puts forward the theory of mass relations.In this context,the theory of "viewing" the Masses determines and reflects how the Marxist parties "treat" the masses,generate the theory of "mass work".At the same time,in response to the masses' evaluation of the mass work,Marxism transforms the external mass evaluation into the issue of the mass standards within the masses and establishes the theory of its mass standards.At this point,a complete theoretical system of Marxist mass view is formed.Socialism with Chinese characteristics has entered a new era,but "we are still in the historical era pointed out by Marxism.",adhering to the Marxist view of the masses in the new era still has great theoretical and practical value.Perspective,it is not only conducive to criticizing the deconstruction of historical materialism in the idealist trend of thought,but also conducive to the construction of the mass discourse system in the mass era,and is more conducive to deepening the understanding of the essence of the New ideological value.From a practical point of view,it not only helps to build "the most powerful political party in the world",but also helps to strengthen the legitimacy foundation of the party's governance,and at the same time contributes to the realization of the modernization of state governance.