Research On Residential Space Differentiation And Its Effect Evaluation In Xi'an

Residential function is the first function of city,the rationality of the layout of residential space structure is closely related to the sustainable development of the city,the realization of urban efficiency and the needs of the good life of all residents.Xi'an is an important central city in Northwest China,With the rapid growth of the social and economic level in Xi'an,the residential space has shown a clear process of reorganization and evolution.Facing the social problems such as uneven distribution of resources,fragmentation of social space and marginalization of disadvantaged groups caused by residential space differentiation,it is urgent to study the residential space in Xi'an,to provide theoretical support for the adjustment and optimization of the residential space structure.This paper integrates urban-rural planning,regional economics,human geography and other related disciplines,using statistical analysis,spatial analysis,social investigation and other methods,combined with the case of Xi'an,based on the research idea of "evolution law of residential space structure-residential space differentiation pattern andcharacteristics-residential space differentiation driving mechanism-residential space differentiation effect evaluation – regulation of residential space differentiation ",and makes a systematic study on residential space differentiation and its effect evaluation.Firstly,based on the evolution law of residential space structure and the characteristics of residential space differentiation,the "multi sector + circle" pattern of residential space differentiation is constructed.Secondly,the driving factors of residential space differentiation are discriminated,and the multi scale and multi element geography interpretation of the driving mechanism is carried out.Then,it studies the positive and negative effects caused by residential space differentiation in the social,economic and environmental aspects,and expands the research content of the residential space differentiation.Finally,it puts forward the regulation measures in combination with the driving factors and effect evaluation.The main conclusions of this paper are as follows:(1)The evolution of residential spatial structure in Xi'an is inheriting,the evolution forms are residential suburbanization and residential differentiation,and the evolution process is influenced by social strata.The residential space structure of Xi'an City,which was separated from each class to another in the period of feudal society,developed into different ethnic groups and different classes in the modern society period,developed into a relatively homogeneous honeycomb structure in the planned economy period,and developed into a spatial pattern of the coexistence of diversified communities in the market economy.period(2)The pattern of residential space differentiation in Xi'an is characterized by multi sector residential area and concentric circle layer expansion,which shows that the differentiation of social strata is consistent with the residential space,and also presents the fragmentation of the central city,the privatization of high quality resources around the lake,the multi core centralization of the middle and high grade communities,the marginalization of the middle and low grade communities,and the more obvious trend of the suburbanization.The location characteristic of residential space is centered on the central city,and the distribution will develop in the northeast and the southwest in the future.The price characteristic of residential space shows that middle price residential areas are the most,and the higher and lower residential areas are relatively small.The type of residential space is characterized by five types: high-grade,medium and high grade,medium and low grade.(3)The differentiation of residential space in Xi'an is formed under the influence of many factors and their interaction,such as the factors of ecological environment,economic structure,social stratum and policy system.All elements play different influence mechanisms to jointly promote the evolution and development of residential spatial differentiation.Different external conditions play different roles in different stages,so there are different patterns of residential spatial differentiation at different stages.(4)The positive and negative effects caused by residential space differentiation are evaluated from social,economic and environment.The positive effects of the residential space differentiation include the encouragement of internal groups and the enhancement of community management in the social space,the improvement of the resource allocation efficiency and the improvement of the land use value in the economic space.The negative effects include shrinking of communication space,endangering public security and social stability,disequilibrium of public resource allocation,mismatch between the living and employment space of middle and low-income groups in the social space,and the formation of gray landscape in environment space.(5)The regulatory goal of residential space differentiation is to optimize the structure of residential space and promote the integration among different classes,and to achieve the healthy and sustainable development of the city.Combined with the phenomenon of suburbanization of residential space in Xi'an,the strategy of suburbanization is proposed.In view of the negative effects such as shrinking space and endangering public safety caused by residential space differentiation,a proper degree of mixed residence is proposed.In view of the positive effect on improving the pertinence of community service,it is necessary to strengthen community service function construction to improve residents' sense of belonging.In view of the negative effects of the uneven distribution of public resource allocation,it is necessary to balance the public resources between regions and establish a three in one housing security system.In view of the formation of grey landscape belt,it is necessary to improve the construction level of low-income communities to improve the urban landscape.These are not only related to the importance of residential space structure to the sustainable development of Xi'an,but also the experience for other cities to solve the problem of residential space differentiation.