A Study On The Status,Causes,Characteristics And Impacts Of China's Deindustrialization

Deindustrialization is a part of the industrialization,post-industrialization,deindustrialization,and reindustrialization.Developed countries have experienced the development path of industrialization,post-industrialization,and deindustrialization,and now they propose reindustrialization.At the same time that developed countries proposed reindustrialization,it was accompanied by deindustrialization in developing countries.China is a large developing country.The economic development of various regions is not balanced.Some provinces and regions have entered the post-industrial period,and deindustrialization has begun to appear.Some provinces and regions are still in the stage of industrialization and need to accelerate industrial development.However,it is undeniable that with the new international division of labor and increased competition in economic globalization,China's outward foreign direct productive investment has seen a substantial increase.This paper argues that the growth of outward foreign direct productive investment is precisely a manifestation of deindustrialization.Following such an analysis,combined with the phenomenon of regional deindustrialization in some provinces and regions in China,this paper analyzes the status,causes,characteristics and influences of China's deindustrialization,and draws some clear conclusions.In the process of analysis,this paper is based on the status of China's development,and has raised the following questions.First,as a large developing country,China is also a large country in the industrial transfer of developed countries.In the wave of economic globalization,has there been deindustrialization in terms of total volume or structure? Second,if there is a phenomenon of deindustrialization in China,is it positive or negative? Third,if there is a regional deindustrialization phenomenon in China,what are the reasons,characteristics and impacts of deindustrialization? Fourth,what were the lessons of deindustrialization of developed countries and the deindustrialization of other developing countries?At present,the academic research on these issues is still relatively lacking,and solving these problems is of great significance for China's vigilance to prevent prematurely deindustrialization,prevent industrial hollowing out,and develop new industrialization.This paper answers these questions by studying the status,causes,characteristics and impacts of China's deindustrialization.By using literature analysis,empirical analysis,comparative analysis and econometrics,this paper studies the current status,causes,characteristics and impacts of deindustrialization in China.The innovations of this paper are mainly reflected in three aspects:(1)Through the use of economic data of the last five years,a comprehensive analysis of the status of China's deindustrialization has been carried out,confirming the existence of regional deindustrialization in China and enriching the research content of deindustrialization.Through the analysis of relevant data of various provinces and regions in China,we find that although there is no total deindustrialization phenomenon in China,there has been a phenomenon of regional deindustrialization.In the regional deindustrialization,there are different types of deindustrialization.This paper compares and analyzes different types of deindustrialization,discusses how to deal with regional deindustrialization,warns of premature industrialization,and prevents industrial hollowing out.On the basis of existing research,it enriches relevant research on deindustrialization.(2)Based on the global economic competition and the actual situation in China,this paper analyzes the characteristics and influences of China's deindustrialization from the perspective of outward foreign direct investment,and reflects certain innovations from the perspective of research.This paper analyzes the development and changes of China's outward foreign direct investment and the industrial transfer from the eastern part of China to the central and western regions,analyzes the characteristics and influence of China's deindustrialization,and finds that China's outward foreign direct investment presents four characteristics.It is the main feature of China's deindustrialization.From this perspective,analyzing the phenomenon of deindustrialization in China will help to better understand the positive effects of deindustrialization in the eastern region on China's economic growth,and help to correctly understand the positive and negative impacts of deindustrialization on China's economic growth.(3)A comprehensive analysis of the reasons for China's deindustrialization by analyzing the relationship between the growth rate of different sectors and GDP growth rate,the spillover effects of manufacturing and service industries,and the factors affecting the proportion of manufacturing output and manufacturing employment,this paper expanded the understanding of the reasons for the deindustrialization.This paper constructs a related econometric model and analyzes the reasons for the formation of regional deindustrialization in China.This provides an important understanding of the correct regional deindustrialization phenomenon in China,the promotion of industrial transfer to the central and western regions in the eastern region,and the acceleration of industrial structure upgrading.This paper is consisted of seven chapters.Chapter One: Introduction.This chapter mainly includes the research background,research purpose,the theoretical significance and practical significance of the research,the research status and evaluation of deindustrialization at home and abroad,the structural arrangement of the full text,the research framework and research methods,as well as the innovation points and shortcomings.Chapter Two: Relevant theoretical analysis of deindustrialization.At present,there are many controversies in the domestic academia about the formation mechanism of deindustrialization.Based on the reference of many related literatures at home and abroad,this chapter defines the deindustrialization according to the actual situation in our country and differentiates the deindustrialization and industrial transfer.Then it analyzes the impact of deindustrialization.According to the current academic analysis on the deindustrialization development,the relevant theoretical basis of this paper is put forward.Chapter Three: The analysis of the present situation of deindustrialization in China.This chapter studies from three parts.First,the measure of total deindustrialization and regional deindustrialization has been established.Second,it analyzed the total factor energy efficiency in all provinces and regions.The third is to analyze the total deindustrialization and regional deindustrialization.The ratio of added value of manufacturing to GDP,the share of manufacturing employment in the total employment in the country,and the share of manufacturing exports in total product exports as an measurement indicator of total deindustrialization.Take the proportion of manufacturing employment to total employment,and the proportion of industrial added value to the regional GDP as measurement indicators of regional deindustrialization.In the process of regional deindustrialization,there is a positive deindustrialization and a negative deindustrialization,with the aggregate output of high-tech industries as a share of GDP and total factor energy efficiency(TFEE)as indicators of positive and negative deindustrialization.According to the analysis,we can see that there has not yet been a total deindustrialization in China,but some provinces and regions have witnessed regional deindustrialization.In the process of regional deindustrialization,it was found that the proportion of high-tech industries in Beijing,Tianjin,Shanghai and Fujian accounted for more than 15% and the total factor energy efficiency was above 0.8.It was concluded that these provinces and regions have had a positive deindustrialization.The share of high-tech industries in Hebei,Shanxi,Gansu and Qinghai accounted for less than 15%,and the total factor energy efficiency was less than 0.8.It was concluded that these provinces and regions have had a negative deindustrialization.Chapter Four: The analysis of the causes of deindustrialization in China.This chapter analyzes the causes of China's deindustrialization mainly from four aspects.First,analyze the productivity growth rate of different departments on the impact of GDP growth rate;second,analyze the spillover effect of manufacturing to other economic sectors;thirdly,analyze the influencing factors of the proportion of the output of the manufacturing sector in the GDP;and analyze the influential factors that make up the proportion of the manufacturing sector employed population in the total social employment.By analyzing the effect of different sectors' growth rates on the GDP growth rate,we find that the elasticity of the demand income of the manufacturing industry is not as great as that of the service industry.The difference between the growth rate of manufacturing industry and the growth rate of GDP is much greater than that of service industry and agriculture.The regression analysis of the growth rates of manufacturing,agriculture and services on the GDP growth rate validated this result.Through the regression analysis of the growth rate of manufacturing to non-manufacturing employment growth rate,the regression analysis of the growth rate of manufacturing sector and the growth rate of agricultural employment,the regression analysis of the growth rate of services sector and the growth rate of agricultural employment confirms that the manufacturing sector has spillover effect on non-manufacturing sector.At the same time,through regression analysis,it is found that the per capita real income,the formation of social fixed capital and the import and export trade are the important factors that affect the output of China's manufacturing sector.The actual per capita income,investment in social fixed assets and import and export trade are the factors influencing the employment change in China's manufacturing.Chapter Five: Analysis of the characteristics and influence of China's deindustrialization.This chapter mainly proceeds from two aspects: First,it analyzes the characteristics of China's deindustrialization;Second,it analyzes the positive and negative effects of China's regional deindustrialization on China's economic growth.When analyzing the characteristics of China's deindustrialization,it is mainly based on the perspective of China's outward foreign direct investment in production.When analyzing the impact of regional deindustrialization on China's own economic growth,the positive role is mainly manifested in three aspects: First,structural deindustrialization has promoted industrial restructuring and upgrading;second,structural deindustrialization has accelerated its external productive investment;Third,regional deindustrialization will help the central and western regions achieve a balanced economic development.The negative impact of deindustrialization on China's economic growth is mainly manifested in two aspects: First,deindustrialization will lead to a sharp decline in social productive efficiency;secondly,deindustrialization will lead to a structural slowdown in the national economy;Third,negative deindustrialization will trigger a series of economic and social problems.Chapter Six: The international experience and lessons of deindustrialization.This chapter uses the United States,Japan,and Germany as examples to analyze the process of deindustrialization in developed countries.Taking Brazil and Malaysia as examples,it analyzes the phenomena of premature industrialization in other developing countries.Finally,we discussed the deindustrialization of developed and developing countries and their implications for China's deindustrialization.Chapter Seven: The main conclusions,policy recommendations and research prospects.This chapter first summarizes the main work and conclusions of this paper,and then on the basis of the previous chapters,puts forward a new idea of how to deal with the deindustrialization in our country under the trend of deindustrialization,and specific analysis of the third,fourth,fifth and sixth chapter conclusions,put forward to speed up the industrial structure,prevention to premature deindustrialization and industrial hollowing of our policy recommendations.Finally,analyzes the deficiency of this paper and points out the future research direction.