Fiscal Decentralization,Local Government Fiscal Science And Technology Expenditure And Regional Innovation Performance

Innovation is the first driving force for China's regional economic development under the new normal.Regional innovation is of positive significance for accelerating the transformation of new and old kinetic energy,acquiring regional competitive advantages,and promoting regional coordinated development.In the construction of regional innovation system,local governments play an active role in resource allocation,organization and coordination,policy formulation,and environment creation.Financial and scientific expenditures have a direct impact on regional innovation performance.In recent years,the responsibility of local government financial and technological expenditures has expanded.In 2007,local financial and technological expenditures were 109.16 billion yuan,accounting for 51.11%,surpassing the central government's science and technology expenditure for the first time.In 2017,the local fiscal and technological expenditures were 496.21 billion yuan,an increase of 10.5%.The ratio is as high as 59.2%.At this stage,in-depth study of the innovative performance of local government financial and scientific expenditures is of great practical significance for optimizing local financial and technological capital allocation,promoting regional innovation system construction,and achieving innovative national construction goals.As a kind of fiscal distribution relationship between the central and local governments,the fiscal decentralization system is an institutional background that cannot be ignored in regional economic development.The tax-sharing reform divides the income rights according to the division of expenditures of the central government and local governments,and forms a fiscal decentralization system with Chinese characteristics.It presents the typical characteristics of "clear financial power and ambiguous authority",which significantly affects local government behavior.Local government fiscal expenditure preferences are inevitably subject to fiscal decentralization.Undoubtedly,China's fiscal decentralization system affects regional innovation performance by affecting local government fiscal expenditure behavior.However,the impact mechanism is different.The existing research pays more attention to single impact.It has less fiscal decentralization,local government science and technology expenditure behavior and regional innovation into a unified research framework,and there is no conclusion in theoretical and empirical research.This paper conducts an in-depth analysis of the transmission mechanism of"institution-behavior-performance",and provides theoretical support and decision-making basis for deepening the reform of China's fiscal decentralization system and the implementation of innovation-driven strategy under the new economic normal.This paper mainly answers how to improve regional innovation performance from the perspective of fiscal decentralization system and local government financial and technological expenditure behavior.First,construct a theoretical analysis framework,and deeply analyze the direct impact of fiscal decentralization on regional innovation and the indirect impact on local innovation through the influence of local government fiscal technology spending behavior.Secondly,a statistical analysis of China's fiscal decentralization and local government financial and technological expenditures.Then,an empirical test of the constructed theory reveals that,on the whole,local government fiscal and technological expenditures contribute to the promotion of regional innovation performance,and the direct negative effect of fiscal decentralization on regional innovation performance is relatively stable.In the study of fiscal decentralization affecting the local government's fiscal technology spending behavior preferences and affecting regional innovation performance,this paper starts from the scale of local government fiscal science and technology expenditure,and finds that fiscal expenditure decentralization,fiscal revenue decentralization and local government financial and technological expenditures The interaction item is significantly positively correlated with regional innovation performance,that is,the improvement of fiscal decentralization can encourage local governments to increase fiscal technology expenditure and thus positively stimulate regional innovation performance.Based on this,we explored the use of market-based means to increase the investment of science and technology funds-the government venture capital guiding fund,from the perspective of its operational effects,the promotion of innovation effects is not good.The expansion research of this part lays the foundation for optimizing the government financial and technological expenditure structure and increasing the local financial basic research expenditure.An empirical analysis of the above is in Chapter 4 of this paper.On the other hand,starting from the local government's fiscal and technological expenditure structure,the first is to analyze the impact of the local government's fiscal and technological expenditure structure on regional innovation performance under fiscal decentralization from the perspective of expenditure attributes.Through empirical research,it is found that the imbalance between basic research and non-basic research expenditures will have a negative impact on regional innovation performance.Under the current fiscal decentralization system,local governments tend to reduce basic research expenditures,which in turn has a negative impact on regional innovation performance.Further research found that there is an optimal scale of local government financial basic research expenditure to promote regional innovation performance,that is,accounting for 7.18%of government R&D expenditure;only when the degree of fiscal decentralization exceeds a certain threshold,The effect of spending local government financial basic research to promote regional innovation performance can be even greater.The second is to analyze the impact of regional innovation performance of local government financial and technological expenditure structure under fiscal decentralization from the perspective of executive subjects.This part is a further demonstration of the empirical analysis of the perspective of expenditure attributes.Through empirical research,it is found that local government directly subsidizes scientific research institutions to effectively promote regional innovation output performance.The impact factors of local government-funded higher education expenditures and local government-funded enterprise expenditures on regional innovation performance are negative,but they are not significant.Combined with the significant differences in the coefficient of local government-funded research institutions,local government-funded higher education expenditures,local government-funded corporate expenditures,and fiscal decentralization,it can be seen that local governments tend to reduce the number of research institutions under the current fiscal decentralization system.Funding efforts have weakened the positive impact on regional innovation performance.Further research found that there is an optimal scale for local government-funded scientific research institutions to promote regional innovation performance,that is,accounting for 3.57%of local government financial and technological expenditures,and ensuring a certain proportion of public R&D expenditure is also the key to regional collaborative innovation.ring.The empirical analysis of the above two perspectives is in Chapters 5 and 6.Finally,on the basis of theoretical analysis,current situation analysis and empirical analysis,it puts forward suggestions on deepening the reform of fiscal decentralization system,improving the local government financial and scientific expenditure policy,and improving regional innovation performance.