| The techniques of time-of-flight mass spectrometry and negative ion photoelectron spectroscopy were utilized to study metal clusters (Mgn -, Znn-, Can -, Mnn-, CuAln -, LiAln-, and NmSn n-), metal-organic complexes (Tin(benzene) m-, Fn(benzene)m- , Nin(benzene)m-), metal oxides(AuO-, PtO-, TaOn -, HfO2-, and MnnO -), and metal-doped semiconductor clusters (CrSin -, GdmSin- and HoSi n-).; The study of magnesium and zinc cluster anions shows that they have magic numbers at size 9, 19 and 34, and the closures and reopenings of the s-p band gap are related to the mass spectra magic numbers. The evolution of electronic structure in Can clusters resembles that of Mgn - and Znn- with band gap closure and reopening. However, the electronic structures Can- clusters are more complicated and the magic numbers are different from those of Mgn- and Znn -. That might due to the involvement of calcium's empty d orbitals. In Mn clusters, a dramatic change of electronic structure was observed at Mn5-. The transition of metallic and magnetic properties is strongly related to the s-d hybridization.; The photoelectron study of LiAln- is consistent with theoretical predictions, which described LiAl13 as alkali-halide-like ionic entity, Li+(Al13)-. The results of CuAln- show that copper atom might occupy interior position in these clusters. The results of Nam Snn- implied that Na4Sn 4 and NaSn5- could be described as (Na +)4Sn44- and (Na +)Sn52-, respectively. The formation of these species indicates the existence of Zintl phase structure in the gas phase.; Tin(Bz)n+1- clusters have multiple-decker sandwich structures with each titanium atom located between two parallel benzene rings. The structures of Fen(Bz)m - and Nin(Bz)m- are characterized with a metal cluster core caged by benzene molecules.; The information for the electronic states of PtO, AuO, and TaOn (n = 1--3) were obtained from the photoelectron spectra of their corresponding negative ions. The coincidence between electron affinity and thermodynamic stability was observed in the investigation of ZrO2 - and HfO2-. The studies of MnnO- revealed that addition of oxygen atom could change the magnetic momentum and magnetic coupling in the Mn clusters.; The photoelectron spectra of CrSin- (n = 8--12) support the earlier theoretical calculations which found CrSi 12 to be an enhanced stability cluster with its chromium atom encapsulated inside a silicon cage and with its magnetic moment completely quenched by the effects of the surrounding cage. The preliminary results of GdSi n- show that GdSi4, GdSi6 and GdSi9 might be different from their counterparts. |
