Measurements of body mass index, nutrient analysis of food intake, and dietary eating patterns associated with preschool-aged children

The eating habits of preschool-aged children in the Upper Cumberland region of Tennessee were investigated and compared to national dietary guidelines. A random sample of preschool-aged children was drawn from all center-based and Head Start child care facilities in the 14-county Upper Cumberland region; 90 children participated in this study. Parents recorded the food intake of their child for five days. The child care teachers recorded food intake during time spent at the child care facility. Food intake records were analyzed using the Food Processor SQL software by ESHA. Data reveal that on average the three-year old children consumed at or above 100% of the DRI for all nutrients with the exceptions of potassium and Vitamin D. The three-year old children consumed above the Tolerable Upper Intake Levels for vitamin A and sodium, and consumed above recommended amounts of sugars, saturated fats, and calories. Data reveal that the four- and five-year old children consumed at or above 100% of the DRI for all nutrients with the exceptions of fiber, folate, calcium, magnesium, and potassium. The four- and five-year old children consumed above the Tolerable Upper Intake Levels for Vitamin A and sodium, and consumed above recommended amounts of sugars, fats, saturated fats, and calories. The mean BMI score for the four- and five-year old children was 17.0, indicating at risk for overweight. The results of this study can be used to develop specific nutrition interventions for young children and their caregivers. More research is needed to determine the long-term effects of overconsumption of nutrients in young children.