Fumonisin B(1) from Fusarium moniliforme culture material varies in toxicity to channel catfish and rats with purity

Experiments were conducted to evaluate the relative toxicity of fumonisin B{dollar}sb1{dollar} (FB{dollar}sb1{dollar}) from Fusarium moniliforme culture material (CM) and pure FB{dollar}sb1{dollar} to channel catfish, and to identify extracts or chromatographic fractions of CM that enhance the toxicity of FB{dollar}sb1{dollar} to rats and catfish. A method was developed to prepare pure FB{dollar}sb1{dollar} from CM with C-18 liquid chromatography. In the first experiment, semi-purified diets containing 0, 50, 100, or 200 mg of FB{dollar}sb1{dollar}/kg from either CM or pure FB{dollar}sb1{dollar} were fed to catfish fingerlings for six weeks.; Results showed that FB{dollar}sb1{dollar} from CM was more toxic than pure FB{dollar}sb1{dollar}; significant reductions in body weight gain and increases of sphinganine to sphingosine (SA/SO) ratio occurred for fish fed 50 mg of FB{dollar}sb1{dollar}/kg of diet from CM and 200 mg of FB{dollar}sb1{dollar}/kg from pure FB{dollar}sb1.{dollar} Rats gavaged with a crude aqueous extract of CM had a higher SA/SO ratio than rats gavaged with pure FB{dollar}sb1{dollar}, when both were administered at 125 mg of FB{dollar}sb1{dollar}/kg of diet consumed. In another catfish experiment, the toxicity of crude, total aqueous extract of CM, pure FB{dollar}sb1{dollar} and two partially purified, pigmented chromatographic fractions of the aqueous extract was compared. Results after four weeks of feeding showed that fish receiving 250 mg of FB1/kg of diet from the total aqueous extract and the two pigmented fractions had significantly lower weight gains and higher SA/SO ratios than fish fed pure FB{dollar}sb1{dollar} at 250 mg/kg or the control fish. Fish fed total aqueous extract or the least-purified pigmented fraction had significantly lower weight gains and higher SA/SO ratios than fish fed 350 mg of pure FB{dollar}sb1{dollar}/kg of diet. The results of these experiments indicate another component(s) in F. moniliforme culture material besides FB{dollar}sb1{dollar} is toxic to catfish or rats or synergistically enhances the toxicity of FB{dollar}sb1.{dollar}...