The extension and transformation of the two-level-game theory and its application to the field of communication

An analytic approach used primarily in international relations is explored in the analysis of negotiations from a communication perspective. The two-level-game theory model is a part of a larger set of rational actor and the game theoretic models. The new version of this approach is applied to the field of communication to explain the effect of institutional structural variables on the communication process and on two-level negotiation processes. Communication dynamics change the processes of two-level negotiations and their outcomes while structural variables affect the communication process.; A structural communication theoretical model is presented to conceptualize this two-way effect, with traditional assumptions of the two-level-game theory altered. The unitary actor and full rationality assumptions are changed to allow consideration of multiple actors exercising bounded rationality. Communication provides actors with information that shapes identity formation, interest formation, and interest adjustment processes. The side-payment is used in the model as a principle tool that helps to carry out these functions. Side-payments may have a tangible as well as purely symbolic or communication character. The new model is a dynamic reflection of the processes going on during two-level negotiations.; The transformed and extended two-level-game theory model is applied to a set of international negotiation case studies and to a set of organizational communication and public relations case studies. The dynamics and elements of the real world negotiation processes are argued to be consistent with those of the new model.; The structural dimension in the field of communication is highlighted and recommendations and guidelines are offered to address the structural problems through the use of the transformed and extended version of two-level-game theory. The new model can be useful for the analysis of different public relations and organizational communication situations including mergers and acquisitions, restructurings, and takeovers.