SPEAR lattice for high-brightness synchrotron radiation

The design and implementation of a low emittance lattice for the SPEAR storage ring including measurements of the performance of the lattice are presented.; The low emittance lattice is designed to optimize the performance of SPEAR as a synchrotron radiation source while keeping SPEAR hardware changes at a minimum. The horizontal emittance of the electron beam in the low emittance lattice is reduced by a factor of four from the previous lattice, which reduces the typical horizontal source size and divergence of the photon beams by a factor of two each and increases the photon beam brightness. At 3 GeV the emittance is 129{dollar}pi nm{dollar} * {dollar}rad{dollar} which makes the low emittance lattice the lowest emittance, running synchrotron radiation source in the world in the 1.5 to 4.0 GeV energy range for the emittance scaled to 3 GeV. The measured vertical emittance was reduced to half that typically seen at SPEAR in the past. The brightness of the photon beams was further increased by reducing {dollar}betasb{lcub}y{rcub}{dollar} at the insertion devices to 1.1 meters and reducing the energy dispersion at the insertion devices by more than a factor of two on average. The horizontal dispersion at the rf cavities was reduced by a factor of nearly four which gives much less problems with synchrobetatron resonances. The dynamic and physical apertures of the lattice are large, giving long beam lifetimes and easy injection of electrons. The momentum compaction was reduced by a factor of 2.4 which decreases rf voltage requirements and gives shorter bunch lengths for a given rf voltage.; The measurements of the linear optics and intensity dependent phenomena gave reasonable agreement with the design. The overall performance of the machine was very good. Injection rates of 10 to 20 mA/min were achieved routinely, and 80 mA were stored at the injection energy of 2.27 GeV and ramped to 3 GeV.; The final chapter includes a study of future SPEAR lattices requiring major hardware changes to further improve SPEAR's performance as a synchrotron radiation source.