Structural system identification and health monitoring of buildings by the wave method based on the Timoshenko beam model

This dissertation presents a new development of the wave method for structural health monitoring (SHM) of buildings. Robust and reliable SHM methods help save lives and reduce economic losses caused by earthquakes and other extreme events. Previously, in system identification and health monitoring, it was assumed that waves of different frequency propagate with constant velocity and the identification was based on the non-dispersive shear beam model of the structure. This study presents the first effort to consider dispersive wave propagation in system identification and health monitoring by the wave method. To consider dispersion due to bending deformation in buildings a Timoshenko beam model is used. Although buildings as a whole deform primarily in shear, bending deformation is always present to some degree especially for shear wall buildings. To identify allowable ranges of important parameters of the model parametric studies are performed. The model is further generalized to a non-uniform Timoshenko beam model which can take into account variation of properties with height and be used for higher resolution structural health monitoring. The models together with the suggested method to estimate initial values were validated on three full scale buildings. They were used to identify two full scale building from earthquake records and also to monitor the changes in a full-scale 7-story slice of shear wall building which was progressively damaged on UCSD-NEES shake table. It was shown that the model is robust for structural identification and health monitoring of a wide range of building systems and can successfully model dispersion due to bending deformation.