A phylogenetic analysis and reclassification of the Pococera-complex genera (Lepidoptera:Pyralidae:Epipaschiinae) and a preliminary cladistic analysis of the Pyralidae

This is an initial phylogenetic study of the pyralid moth subfamily Epipaschiinae, based on adult morphology. The estimated phylogenies are based on numerical cladistic methodology.; In order to test the monophyly of the Epipaschiinae and identify outgroups for the study, the relationships and monophyly of the subfamilies of the Pyralidae are reviewed and a phylogeny is proposed for the Pyralidae. Evidence is provided to support the monophyly of the Epipaschiinae. The epipaschiines are hypothesized to be the sister group of the Phycitinae. The Pyralinae are hypothesized to be the sister group to the Epipaschiinae + Phycitinae. The Chrysauginae and Galleriinae are basal to the Pyralinae + Epipaschiinae + Phycitinae clade, but their relationships are not resolved.; Based on a worldwide survey of representatives of epipaschiine genera, a monophyletic subset was identified, designated the Pococera complex. Its monophyly is defended by a prominent saccus in the male genitalia and a long, narrow ductus in the female genitalia. The complex contains approximately 300 species and is restricted in distribution to the Western Hemisphere. The phylogenetic study of the complex establishes its monophyly and re-examines the genera included, establishing their monophyly and estimating their relationships. Sixty-five adult characters of the head, genitalia, and wings are investigated.; The stability of the estimated tree is tested with successive weighting and sequential removal of taxa. The tests showed the position of the root to be somewhat uncertain. Nevertheless, the topology of the estimated tree is shown to be stable in most manipulations despite the fact that most of the groupings are supported by very few characters.; A taxonomic synopsis presents the results of the examination and the definition of the genera as monophyletic. Twenty-one genera are diagnosed and seven new genera are described. Representatives of each genus are illustrated by line drawings and photographs. A check list of the species in the Pococera complex is provided. Host use patterns are briefly reviewed.