Perceived changes in the theory and practice of individual psychotherapy by the year 2000: A Delphi study of American Board of Professional Psychology Diplomates in counseling psycholog

This study sought to identify changes in the theory and practice of individual psychotherapy by the year 2000 as perceived by 45 American Board of Professional Psychology Diplomates in counseling psychology. The Delphi Technique was used to gather and refine the opinions and judgements of the subject group. Utilizing a series of three iterative questionnaires called "rounds", this study allowed expert subjects to identify and specify the nature of future change in the first round and to quantitatively express their opinions and judgements about these changes in the second round. The third round provided the subject group with the opportunity to further refine their judgements and opinions. Additionally, third round data allowed the establishment of statistically verifiable agreement and consensus among the members of the subject group with regard to the changes identified.;The significant findings of this study included changes and/or new developments in areas including increased theoretical development and utilization of brief forms of therapy, a unification of affective, cognitive, and behavioral approaches to therapy, and gains in the understanding of psychobiology and its role in human behavior and mental disorder. Additional findings included a continuing need for well-executed studies which validate and justify the efficacy of various treatment methods, increased difficulty in obtaining third-party payments, and an expansion of the variety of mental health professionals who offer individual psychotherapy to the consuming public.;Further research into changes and/or new developments in the theory and practice of individual psychotherapy is needed. It is suggested that studies be conducted utilizing different subject groups to forecast future trends and developments in individual psychotherapy. Alternative subject groups would provide contrasting judgements and opinions which, when combined with the results of this and similar studies, could yield a more global impression of future developments and changes. Appropriate subjects for further research may be found among qualified professionals in clinical mental health counseling, clinical social work, Division 12 (clinical psychology), and Division 29 (psychotherapy) of the American Psychological Association.