| Previous research has provided conflicting results of the causal relationship between self-leadership strategies and general self-efficacy (Mansor, Darus, & Dali, 2013; Manz & Manz, 1991; Marshall, Kiffin-Peterson, & Soutar, 2012; Neck & Houghton, 2006; Neck & Manz, 1996; Norris, 2008; Prussia, Anderson, & Manz, 1998; Unsworth & Mason, 2012; Williams, 1997). The participants in the current study represented governmental sector, nonprofit organizations, private corporations, and self-employed individuals. A hierarchical regression analysis was conducted to test the moderating effect of tenure on the causal relationship of self-leadership strategies on general self-efficacy. It was hypothesized that tenure serves as a moderating variable on the causal relationship of self-leadership strategies on general self-efficacy. In the current study, Houghton, Dawley, and DiLiello's (2012) Abbreviated Self-Leadership Questionnaire was used to measure self-leadership strategies--behavior awareness and volition, task motivation and constructive cognition--and Chen, Gully, and Eden's (2001) New General Self-Efficacy Scale was used to measure general self-efficacy. The results of the study showed that behavior awareness and volition, constructive cognition, and age to be statistically significant predictors of general self-efficacy. The implication of these findings may include increased organization performance through company behavior awareness and volition and constructive cognition trainings and decrease in organization strain (Judge, Erez, & Bono, 1998; Manz & Manz, 1991; Manz & Sims, 1986; Neck & Houghton, 2006; Neck & Manz, 1992, 1996; Vogel & Feldman, 2009; Wood & Bandura, 1989). The findings could be generalized to populations of various sectors of society. |
