Applications Of SAR Interferometry For Cosemic,Intersecimic And Volcano Deformation Monrtoring,Modeling And Interpretation

Tectonic dynamic process in the earth's crust causes a series of geological phenomena such as mountain uplift and basin faulting,with the typical geological hazards such as earthquakes and volcanoes.These frequent geological disasters have seriously harmed the human living environment.Monitoring of the deformation of earthquakes and volcanoes can obtain the development law of seismic period and volcanic and establish a suitable model to interpret the strain accumulation and release of crustal deformation,which is of great significance to guarantee the safety of human life and property.As an advance observation technology based on microwave remote sensing,Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar(In SAR)overcomes the shortcomings of traditional deformation monitoring methods,and provides the necessary basic information for high precision deformation monitoring of earthquake,volcano and other geological disasters and construction of disaster mechanism model.With the development of SAR technology,more and more SAR satellites are launched into the world which prominent improve the temporal and spatial resolution of SAR images for the research region.Furthermore,it provides a broad application prospect for monitoring the deformation disasters.The hazard types of co-seismic,inter-seismic,and volcanic disasters caused by internal crustal movements are emphasis in this dissertation.In view of the limitations of the current In SAR technology in the acquisition of seismic co-seismic deformation,the detection of seismic inter-seismic deformation in fault basins,the deformation cycle of mud volcano activities and the interpretation of these disaster mechanisms under extreme conditions such as lack of data,harsh natural environment,complex geological structure and insufficient prior constraint information.Based on the analysis of different fault activity characteristics and different volcanic magma intrusion models corresponding to different In SAR deformation field characteristics,the 2014 Ludian earthquake of China's conjugate fault rupture model,the Weihe Basin with criss-crossing faults and the Shrub mud volcano in Alaska are taken as specific examples to research.Furthermore,the research work of accurate acquisition of high precision disaster deformation field using In SAR technology and reasonable construction of disaster mechanism model and comprehensive interpretation of disaster mechanism is carried out.The mian research work and innovations of this dissertation are as follows:(1)Based on systematic analysis of the major error sources from earthquake,inter-seismic and volcanic surface deformation using In SAR technique,the appropriate solutions are proposed for the concrete research object and content.Furthermore,DEM registration based on SAR imaging geometry is proposed in order to solve the problem of multi-source DEM registration fusion.(2)In SAR simulation and deformation field characteristic are analyzed from different crustal activity types included coseismic deformation dislocation movement model,interseismal deformation movement model,volcanic point source Mogi model,approximately vertical rectangular Dyke model,horizontal rectangular Sill model and Penny-crack model,Yang's ellipsoidal stereo model.The forward modeling of In SAR surface deformation is used based on the theory of model construction.Moreover,the different models are analyzed and discussed which provide a theoretical reference basis for subsequent different tectonic model inversion research.(3)In order to solve the problem that lack of near field earthquake research in 2014 Lu Dian Ms6.5 conjugate rupture earthquake events,the D-In SAR technology is used to obtain Lu Dian coseismic earthquake near field ground surface deformation and inversion of seismic coseismic Lu Dian sliding distribution combined GPS far-field coseismic deformation and aftershock distribution of the conjugate faults geometric structure.Furthermore,according to the coseismic coulomb stress effect,Lu Dian earthquakes show the complex deformation mode: The sliding depth of the main earthquake and the aftershock are complementary in space;the main earthquake of Ludian and the aftershock may have completely released the accumulated elastic strain at a depth of 0-20 km,and the aftershock may be caused by dynamic triggering;Xiaohe fault and Longshu fault have strong strain accumulation,so it is inferred that qiaojia earthquake on May 18,2020 may be related to Ludian earthquake.(4)In the study of the intricacies of multiple faults in the Weihe Basin,the recent research based on structural deformation in the entire Weihe Basin only focus on GPS and leveling.A large range vertical deformation rate is obtained using the data of the ascending Sentinel-1 and the descending ALOS-2 Scan SAR.Furthermore,according to the vertical velocity field,the whole surface activity and main fault activity properties of Weihe Basin are analyzed.Moreover,7 tectonic faults are modified and newly identified,and the existence of the disputed GaojiacunGaodian fault is confirmed.Finally,a slip distribution inversion is constructed based on the multi-fault interseism model.The blocking degree and the relationship of earthquakes are discussed by western section of the northern Qinling fault,the Gaojiacun-Gaodian fault,the western section of the Weihe fault,the section of the Baoji-Qianxian fault,the western LiquanPucheng-Heyang fault and the middle Longxian-Mazhao of fault.(5)In the study of the activity of the Shurb mud volcano in Alaska,the problems are lack of a ground monitoring system and historical information of the Shurb mud volcano.In order to solve these problems,the monitoring of the surface deformation and the comprehensive interpretation of the composite source model are developed by In SAR technology.Furthermore,a conceptual model of Shrub mud volcanic activity is proposed.