Analysis Of Atmospheric Environment Characteristics Of China’s Near Space Based On Satellite,Rocket And Balloon Exploration Data

Near space generally refers to the airspace 20 km ～ 100 km from the ground.For a long time,.In recent years,with the development and application of near-space hypersonic vehicles and other platforms,near-space environment has become a new field of atmospheric science.Based on the data of meteorological satellites,meteorological rockets and sounding balloons,this dissertation analyzes the distribution and variation characteristics of atmospheric environment elements in near space.By means of comparative analysis,the main of this dissertation are summarized as follows:1.Based on the sounding of TIMED satellite,the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of atmospheric parameters in near space is analyzed.The results show that from 2003 to 2012,the average zonal temperature at each altitude periodic oscillation,but the periods are different at different heights.The distribution of latitudinal mean temperature in the summer and winter hemispheres and the distribution of equatorial latitudinal mean temperature at different heights The middle layer of vernal equinox and autumnal equinox obvious temperature inversion,different heights have different oscillation periods,annual distribution of zonal average atmospheric density varies with the seasons.2.Based on the total mass density data of the thermosphere measured by CHAMP satellite from 2001 to 2010,the distribution characteristics and annual changes of atmospheric density at with the latest empirical model NRLMSISE-00 is analyzed.The results show that the distribution of significantly varies with MLT(Magnetic Local Time),and the atmospheric density.The solar extreme ultraviolet radiation is positively correlated with the atmospheric density of the hot layer,which is obvious disturbance to the atmospheric density.During the solar halcyon period,the atmospheric density of thermosphere is controlled by geomagnetic activity.By comparing the empirical model with the deviation of the two is uniform in the zonal direction and changes obviously the radial direction.3.Based on the temperature profiles of FY-3 VASS,GNOS and AIRS,the gravity wave parameters the regions of 30°N-40°N and 70°W-90°W are calculated respectively.The advantages and disadvantages of adopting the above three kinds of temperature profiles in gravity wave parameter extraction are compared.The results show that the error of vertical slipping average method is big,the double filter method is suitable for,while the filter method is applicableto the gravitational waves with vertical wavelength less than 8 km.In the comparison experiment of the above three methods adopting on the previously mentioned three profiles,GNOS can reflect small scale information in the double filter and single filter methods of 5km-35 km.In the single-filter method,GNOS and AIRS can filter the vertical linear quantities of the disturbance well within the range of their effects,showing the advantages of the single-filter method.The vertical resolution of VASS is low,but it can also reflect the gravity wave signal of large scale.4.Based on the effective detection data of the upper-air wind field of 61 groups of meteorological rockets from China Jiuquan satellite launch center(CJSLC)in1967-2004,the variation of the upper-air wind field are analyzed.The corresponding statistical model of the variation rules of the wind field is established.The results show that the horizontal wind speed obeys lognormal distribution law at the same height.The horizontal wind speed changes linearly with the height.At the same time,32 groups of meteorological rockets from Jiuquan satellite launch center in 1967-2004 are used to effectively detect the temperature field at high altitude,and the variation law of the temperature field at high altitude is analyzed.The temperature varies with the height in three stages.The difference between the line diagram in spring and summer is small.The lowest temperature is about-67℃,and the highest temperature in the air is about0℃.The altitude of the lowest temperature is about 17 km and the highest temperature is around 46 km.5.It is verified that the new sounding balloon can effectively detect air pressure,humidity,temperature and other factors at an altitude of 15km-40 km,and the corresponding height and density can be calculated.The comparison and analysis of the obtained detection data with NRLMSISE-00 prediction empirical model data show that the two results have a large deviation.The reasons are as follows: First,the empirical mode is a model established based on previous data,which can only reflect the basic state of the atmosphere in the past and lacks real-time performance,which is more obvious in abnormal atmospheric environment.Second,the NRLMSISE-00 empirical model is based on foreign detection data,and the atmospheric environment of the United States is quite different from that of China.The comparative analysis of sounding balloon and TIMED satellite data shows that the meteorological data acquired by the satellite is a good match with the balloon sounding data.Both the SABER satellite data and the balloon sounding data can be used to detect the upper-air meteorological elements,and the errors can be further reduced by combining with the multi-method detection.At the same time,the new meteorological sounding balloon has the advantages of high detection accuracy,reliability and resolution,which can be used as an effective way to detect the lower atmosphere in the near space besides the meteorological rocket.