Research On Intelligent Technology For Efficient And Reliable High-speed Rotating Machinery

Modern rotating machinery is developing towards the direction of high parameters(high speed,high pressure and large flow),high performance(high efficiency and adaptive working condition),high reliability(stable and long cycle operation)and high compactedness(integrated design).More and more power equipment has penetrated into extreme environments,taking on the heavy responsibility of industrialization operations.At the same time,in the era of green transformation,the process of industrialization guided by the concept of sustainable development also pays more and more attention to the environmental benefits of rotating machinery and other power equipment,and increasing efficiency and energy saving has become a national vision and corporate competitiveness.Under multiple design pressures such as high indicators and low emissions,rotating machinery still contains a "turnaround",that is,an efficient,reliable and intelligent development path.Efficiency is the end product sold by an enterprise,reliability is the foundation of the product,and intelligence is the boost and guarantee for product efficiency and stability.On this road,offline design is the leader,piloting and exploiting;online supervision is the wingman,monitoring and protecting.Following the guidelines of this path,this article has carried out related intelligent research work around blade tip clearance active control(increasing efficiency)and rotor vibration supression(stability maintenance),in order to enrich the "wingman" on the basis of keeping up with scientific research frontiers and adapting to engineering applications and boost the development and innovation of modern rotating machinery.Specifically,the research contents of this thesis include the following parts:1.An online active and rapid control strategy for blade tip clearance is proposed.The relative position of the blade tip and the conoid casing is adjusted following the axial translation of the controlled rotor,and then the blade tip clearance is intervened to maintain in a safe and efficient range.The axial movement of the rotor is driven by a thrust plate with controllable oil pressure,and a relief valve system is used to control the oil pressure.In order to improve control accuracy and eliminate external disturbances,a quasi-sliding mode discrete control algorithm adapted to the actuator is also proposed.By adaptively correcting the discrete approach rate and using a disturbance compensator,the disturbance can be effectively suppressed.Based on this algorithm,the active anti-disturbance control with no overshoot and no misadjustment of the blade tip clearance is realized within 2s in a real machine test.2.An active control method of rotor vibration that does not depend on the rotor system model,that is,a modelless one,is studied.Using an electromagnetic actuator as vibration suppression components,1)a synchronous vibration fast self-optimization control method,based on the mechanism of unbalance force feedforward compensation and electromagnetic force fast periodic optimization,is established to realize online diagnosis and treatment of unbalance fault;hardware adaptation is carried out on the two groups of rotor test rigs and the algorithm verification has obtained a good vibration suppression effect.The vibration is attenuated by more than 70%within 1s;2)based on the "natural negative stiffness" characteristics of electromagnetic actuator,the frequency sweeping method is used to online evaluate the modal parameters of the rotor system under different stiffnesses,and an external stiffness scheduling strategy to avoid the resonance zone is designed;simulation and experimental results verify the method;using the stiffness scheduling algorithm in the actual runup and rundown process,the resonance zone can be effectively avoided,achieving the purpose of smoothly passing the critical speed.3.The model-based active rotor vibration control based on modal control theory,is studied.The design idea of balance reduction and low-authority optimal control algorithm are given.The electromagnetic actuator is still used as the damping element to realize the modal intervention of the rotor system supported by oil film bearings,and the effectiveness of the algorithm is verified on the centrifugal compressor test rig.4.Taking the high gravity sedimentation centrifuge in the nuclear industry spent fuel reprocessing plant as the research object,the engineering application prospects of active rotor vibration control technology and artificial self-recovery theory are explored.An online health monitoring and fault diagnosis system for the sedimentation centrifuge is designed.Aiming at the flow-induced instability phenomenon that is very easy to appear in the actual machine operation,the evolution mechanism,based on the field measured data,is analyzed.The online vibration supression engineering strategies are conducted via an electromagnetic actuator.In the experimental centrifuge,online control experiments for synchronous and harmonic vibration and flow-induced instability vibration have been completed successively,and a relatively ideal vibration reduction effect has been obtained,which has laid the foundation for the next industry test and even engineering promotion.In short,blade tip clearance online regulation and rotor vibration active control technologies are in line with the development direction of high-speed,reliable and intelligent rotating machinery.The researches in this thesis are based on the background of the engineering era and highlight the theoretical value and engineering significance of aging,so as to provide key technologies for rotating machinery on high efficiency and stability requirements and promote independent innovation in relevant fields.