Heavy Flavor Hadrons In Relativistic Heavy Ion Collisions

The property of running coupling constant makes the quark confined to hadrons in vacuum,a deconfined quark-gluon plasma(QGP)can be produced through the relativistic heavy ion collisions.The formation of QGP has a profound influence on the production and structure of heavy flavor hadrons.In turn,heavy quarks or hadrons can be used to detect and study the hadronization mechanism of QGP and electrical conductivity.This paper focuses on these two aspects.First of all,we use two/three-body Schrodinger equation and Dirac equation to study the properties of heavy flavor hadron in vacuum,such as mass,radius,parity,and so on.We extend the study to the finite temperature and calculate the temperature-dependent binding energy,average radius and the dissociation temperature of heavy flavor hadrons.This pave the way for studying the production and structure of these heavy flavor hadrons in the QGP.Then,we analyze the influence of QGP on the production of quarkonium,multi-charmed baryon and heavy flavor multi-quark states respectively.We calculate the yield of doubly charmed baryons in heavy ion collisions via coalescence model and consider the effect of chiral symmetry restoration on their structure and yield.We find that the yield of doubly charmed baryons in heavy ion collisions is much higher than that in p+p collisions,which provides an effective way to find these new particles in the experiments.In addition,we find that the internal structure of triply charmed baryon dependents on the temperature,and triply charmed baryon can be Borromean state and Efimov state.Secondly,we study the hadronization mechanism of QGP with the help of charmed hadrons.The dissociation order of charm hadrons is determined by solving the two/threebody Dirac equations,which in turn gives the order of production.We establish a sequential hadronization model,which can consider the heavy quark conservation law self-consistently.It is found that due to the charm conservation,the early produced charm hadrons will be increased,while the late produced ones will be relatively suppressed.The theoretical results can explain the transverse momentum spectra and yield ratios of charm hadrons which observed in the experiments at RHIC and LHC.Then,we extend our research to the high baryon density region.Finally,we calculate the space-time distribution of the strong electromagnetic fields and rotational field which produced in relativistic heavy ion collisions.Heavy quarks and hadrons can be ideal probes to detect the strong electromagnetic fields and the rotational field.We study the evolution of heavy quarks via Langevin equation in the electromagnetic fields and rotational field respectively,and find that the directed flows of final observed open charms are greatly affected by those fields.In addition,we firstly study the suppression and regeneration effect of charmonium in the rotational fluid.It is found that charmonium can also obtain larger directed flow and be more sensitive to the rotational field,so it will be a clean and ideal probe of the rotational field.