| Quantum information science and technology is an emerging and interdisciplinary field involving both quantum mechanics and information science.An alternative approach based on quantum science has some features which may outperform those for the traditional information processing method.The physical implementation of photons as the quantum information carrier is the key point for the development of quantum information technologies.Among several quantum physical carriers,a photon has many attractive properties.For example,a photon can propagate over a long distance while preserving the state coherence,and it can be generated,manipulated,and detected easily,which make it an important quantum information carrier.Generally,developing miniaturized and integrated quantum light sources is vital in photonic quantum information technologies.Meanwhile,investigating the quantum properties of photons would also lay the solid foundation for the development of photonic quantum information technologies.Aiming at the development of photonic quantum information technology from the perspective of core quantum devices and key technologies,some comprehensive studies on the generation of multi-frequency correlated/entangled photon pairs based on silicon nitride(Si3N4)and the characteristics of quantum light have been undertaken in this dissertation,which are under the support of the National Key R?D Program of China with a title of“Experimental Research on Frequency Multiplexed Quantum Channel in Telecommunication Band”.At first,a theoretical scheme of generating the correlated photon pairs in micro-ring resonators(MRRs)has been established through the spontaneous four-wave mixing(SFWM)process.According to the generation and collection of such correlated photon pairs,some key parameters such as dispersion,size,and coupling of the Si3N4 MRRs have been analyzed in detail.Utilizing the finite element method(FEM),micro-ring devices on-chip have been designed and fabricated with the help of a CMOS compatiable foundry.Then,the characteristics of correlated/entangled photon pairs generated in Si3N4MRRs have been experimentally investigated by using the established experimental platform.Seven pairs of quantum frequency combs have been generated with a free spectral range of 200 GHz.Besides,the heralded the single-photon and energy-time entanglement have been demonstrated with high-performance,giving a second-order auto-correlation of 0.014±0.001 with the heralding idler photon of 62 kHz and two photon interference visibility of 99.97±0.14%,respectively.Finally,to analyse the indistinguishability of a single-photon wave-packet,a theoretical model based on the Hong-Ou-Mandel(HOM)interference has been proposed from the perspective of dispersion.An experimental setup has been built for investigating the evolution of single-photon indistinguishability under different dispersion conditions.An approach has been presented and experimentally demonstrated for the measurement of the width of an ultra-short laser pulse with the dispersion-immune and the dispersion of unknown optical materials. |
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