| Highway construction,a significant element of modern transportation,has always played a fundamental and conductive role in national economy development.To meet the“One belt,one road”strategy and the inland open-highland development,the highway construction in western China has made rapid progress,along with which more roads are passing through the mountainous area of the west.A wide attention was raised on the destruction and impact of the complex eco-environment in the mountain area caused by highway development.The ultimate solution to this problem is the cautious and scientific evaluation of the selection,construction and operation.By making refined eco-environment protection strategy,the conflict between highway development and eco-environment can be coordinated,thus a sustainable development is guaranteed.Qinling mountain area is not only the throat to connect transportation arteries in the northern and southern part of China,but also the natural dividing line of north and south China,the national key ecology functional area.It acts heavily on the biodiversity protection,water and soil conservation.This paper focuses on the topical issues of Road Landscape Ecology,made rediscovery of the weakness and disadvantages in the theory study of highway construction and landscape ecology through reviewing contemporary documents.This paper takes the west line of Bao Han Highway(Kanping to Shimen section)as a sample for research.An ecology influence evaluation index system is established,a dynamic model of road peripheral landscape ecology system is designed,and the spatial scale of the evaluation is clarified in this study,by adopting methods as document analysis,field exploration,questionnaire and 3S technology.Targeting on the eco-effect and road area environment changes brought by highway construction,this study makes a case verification to discuss the approaches to ecological assessment,reconstruction and rehabitation of certain regions.Ways to make verification during construction was also referred in this paper.The main content of the research is as followed:1.Based on the perspective of regional research,the dynamic model analysis framework of the landscape ecosystem of the road area is proposed,and the influence range of highway road domain is determined according to the three scales of large-medium-small(radiation-matrix-core area)to determine the progressive effects of different scale regions.Taking the ideal route selection model as the starting point,establishing the evaluation index system of the landscape ecosystem of the road area,and using the AHP level analysis method and fuzzy comprehensive evaluation method to analyze the weight size and influence sequence of each evaluation index by evaluating the various factors index.In order to determine the influence of the indicators under different scales on the suitable balance state of the landscape ecosystem,the key indicators are selected to be taken into the ideal road route selection verification example,and the comprehensive evaluation analysis and problem diagnosis are carried out.2.This paper takes an area as a large scale of the road area(radiation zone)evaluation scope south to Baoji and Wei River and north to the Hanzhong-Hanjiang.On the east-west direction,east to Baoji City Administrative Region boundary and east Hanzhong City,west to the County of Mian,Ningqiang County and the Han River junction.Using the 30m resolution of regional ecosystem classification data,the GIS spatial analysis function was used to evaluate the water conservation function,soil conservation function,biodiversity maintenance function and ecological environment sensitivity of the radiation area,and to clarify the characteristics of various functional importance and sensitivity classification and spatial distribution.On the whole,the ecologically important and extremely sensitive areas of the radiation region are distributed in a series of areas of approximately 9907.93 km~2,accounting for 54.99%of the total area of the affected regions;it is explained that the radiation area as a whole belongs to the ecological function of the very important area.In its choice of ecological transportation corridor that runs through the north-south connection Baoji to Hanzhong,we should try to avoid the most important areas and plan in the important and general grade areas.Finally,it is concluded that between Ying Xian,Hantai District,Liuba and Feng County,there is a clear north-south channel that is not centrally distributed in the most important areas,and the area is of an important level with the importance of ecological service and ecological sensitivity,which conforms to the conditions of ecological environment protection in its area,and is suitable for selection as the location of the traffic corridor.3.On the basis of defining the location of highway corridors,ecological impact evaluation is made in this paper for the core area and matrix area evaluation level of the road area ecosystem,from the ecological factors such as land use,soil erosion,water environment,animal and plant distribution,environmental-sensitive areas,as well as socio-economic environment,regional transportation network,road service public survey,landscape status,landscape sensitivity,landscape environment of each section of road area,and obtain the ecological impact of the villages,forest belts,reservoirs,farmlands,water and animal access in the highway area.The spatial distribution of key protected areas such as wetlands and nature reserves along the route.According to the route corridor program,after screening and adjustment,select the key areas of the highway sensitive road section for comparison,combined with economic investment analysis,choose to avoid the key ecological areas,along the river to the laying of lines,the use of bridge crossing,tunnel walking and other construction models.The ecological environment protection measures of highway road area are formulated,and the"avoiding multi-bridge tunnel"principle is further clarified.4.In view of the evaluation results of important nodes and points in the key areas of the road area,by analyzing the ecological environment of the key node area of the road area,the paper furthermore proposed ecological protection optimization strategy,the landscape restoration countermeasures along the route and the planning and design scheme of landscape greening.The study aims to plan and design the natural landscape and cultural landscape along the road,to improve its spatial function through aesthetic value,reasonably determine the service areas and parking areas along the route,carry out the aesthetic treatment of the structure environment area,and to complete the farmland landscape,tunnel landscape,landscape forest landscape,wetland landscape,rural landscape special regional characteristics of the landscape design plan.Finally,in the road landscape ecological management,to suggest the corresponding measures.Aiming at the coordination between the construction of man-made road projects and ecological environment protection in key ecological functional areas,this study puts forward the analytical framework and specific management countermeasures of selecting lines,scheme comparison and ecological environment influence and protection of key sections from the highway planning corridor.Last but not least,this study is aspired to provide reference for improving the ecological support capacity of mountain highway construction and realizing the sustainable development of the ecological environment of the road peripheral area. |
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