Construction Of Nanostructured Conductive Polymer And Its Optical/Electrical Properties And Application

Since its discovery in the 1970 s,conductive polymers have been widely used in energy,environmental treatment,and biomedicine fields due to their unique optical/electrical properties.The construction strategy of nanostructures is an effective way to enhance the physical and chemical properties of conductive polymers.This article aims to construct nano-structured conductive polymers through simple and stable electrochemical methods,explore the influence of the structure and composition of nano-structured conductive polymers on the photoresponse and electrical response properties of the surface and interface,and realize the regulation of nanostructure morphology and nanostructure.The photocatalytic rate control,wettability control,surface/cell interaction control of the structure surface interface expands the application of nanostructured conductive polymers in catalysis,environmental and biological detection.(1)The electrochemical template-free method is used to construct nano-structured polypyrrole on the metal surface to enhance the photocatalytic rate of conductive polypyrrole.Scanning Kelvin probe microscopy and photocurrent testing proved that the nanostructure is beneficial to the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes of conductive polypyrrole and enhances the photoelectric response characteristics.Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy results indicate that the nanostructures enhance the photocatalytic active oxygen generation(ROS,including hydroxyl radicals,superoxide radicals and singlet oxygen)of polypyrrole,and the nanostructured polypyrrole has long-term stable photocatalysis characteristic.At the same time,bacterial experiments show that nano-structured polypyrrole has excellent photocatalytic antibacterial properties.After 20 minutes of light,the survival rates of Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus were 7.7% ± 3.2% and 8.1% ± 4.0%,respectively.(2)Based on the electrical response characteristics of nano-structured conductive polymers,the control of the interaction between water molecules and the surface of the conductive polymer is realized.The electrochemical template-free method is used to construct nano-structured polypyrrole with electrical response characteristics on the surface of the metal mesh to realize the regulation of wettability and rapid liquid transport.The research results show that the morphology and height of the conductive polymer nanostructure can be controlled by adjusting the concentration of the dopant and the polymerization reaction time,thereby achieving a controllable switch between superhydrophilic/superoleophobic and superhydrophobic/lipophilic.The wet angle can be switched between 0° and 160°.The surface potential results show that the surface of the nano-cone structured polypyrrole surface changes under weak electrical stimulation,which causes the change of the molecular force at the solid-liquid interface,and finally realizes super-wetting switching and controllable oil-water separation.In the oil-water separation process,the highest water flux is 50326 ± 4448 L·m-2·h-1,achieving ultra-fast oil-water separation.Fluorescence tracking technology further reveals the ultra-fast liquid transport mechanism of nano-structured polypyrrole,that is,the wetted nano-cone-structured polypyrrole has a stable water film on the surface,which reduces the friction between the transport liquid and the solid interface and realizes resistance-free transport.The nanostructured polypyrrole modified filter is expected to solve the urgent need for ultra-fast selective oil/water separation materials.(3)The nano-structured conductive polymer surface charge control properties help to control the material surface/cell interaction.Inspired by the release of bioelectricity from the antennae of sea anemones and the use of proteins for specific identification and capture of foreign objects,a nano-structured conductive polypyrrole with high surface density charges was developed on a metal substrate through an electrochemical template-free method,and biomolecular markers were grafted at the same time It is used to synergistically enhance the capture of circulating tumor cancer cells(CTCs).The spreading morphology of the cells on the surface of the material shows that the nano-structured polypyrrole tightly bites the pseudopods of the cancer cells.Under the synergistic effect of biochemistry and biophysics,nanostructured polypyrrole can quickly,efficiently and accurately capture Ep CAM-positive circulating tumor cancer cells.In the low abundance test(10 CTCs per milliliter),the nanostructured polypyrrole grafted with anti-Ep CAM captures 92%-96% of cancer cells from the blood and rejects the non-specific adhesion of blood cells.In this paper,a simple and environmentally friendly electrochemical polymerization method was used to construct nano-structured polypyrrole.The photoresponse characteristics and electrical response characteristics of the surface were explored.The interaction between small molecules and cells and the surface of nano-structured polypyrrole was investigated.The research on the relationship between the electrochemical reaction of the interface and the structure and performance of conductive polymers provides theoretical basis and experimental evidence.