The Optimal Leasing And Selling Strategies Of Durable Goods Manufacturer Under The Mixed Carbon Policy

How to effectively reduce carbon emissions is the focus of attention from all walks of life.Governments around the world are actively exploring scientific and effective measures to reduce carbon emissions,such as carbon cap-and-trade and carbon tax policy.However,these carbon policies are mainly aimed at the carbon emissions generated in the production process of manufacturers.In real life,many durable goods,such as cars,air conditioners,refrigerators produce far more carbon emissions in the consumption process than in the production process.At present,there is no clear policy on carbon emissions in the consumption process of durable goods.In addition,due to the uncertainty of the products' quality,the carbon emissions in the consumption process of the same products will be significantly different.Material batch,human operation and many other factors will lead to significant differences of carbon emissions in the consumption process,which will affect the utility of consumers.Therefore,this thesis exploratory put forwards a “carbon cap-and-trade & carbon tax” mixed policy to constraint carbon emissions of durable goods which emit high carbon emissions in the production and consumption process.Then from the perspective of consumer utility,using the method of optimization,game theory,numerical simulation,this thesis studies the influence of the mixed carbon policy and the uncertainty of the durable goods' quality on manufacturers' leasing and selling strategies decision making problems,and further discusses the effectiveness of the mixed carbon policy.The conclusions not only enrich the research on the influence of carbon policy on marketing strategy for enterprises,but also provide reference for related authorities to layout carbon policy regulation mechanism and adjust.The main research content of this thesis is mainly composed of the following four parts:(1)In chapter 3,this thesis built the profit model of leasing and selling strategies of the durable goods manufacturer under the condition of constant quality of the durable goods,then analyzed the influence of the mixed carbon policy on leasing and sales strategies of the manufacturer.The conclusion shows that the mixed carbon policy leads to the contraction of both new and old durable goods markets,and there is no bumping down effect between the two markets.The higher the carbon tax rate,the lower the profits of leasing and selling.But under certain conditions,the higher the carbon trading price,the higher the profits of leasing and selling.When the carbon trading price is relatively lower,the manufacturer chooses the selling strategy,when the carbon tax rate is relatively lower,the manufacturer chooses the leasing strategy.The introduction of the mixed carbon policy reduces the total carbon emission of the durable goods,and there exist different carbon policy combinations in both leasing and selling market strategies to ensure the effectiveness of the mixed carbon policy.(2)In chapter 4,this thesis constructed the profit model of leasing and selling strategies of the durable goods manufacturer under the condition of uncertain quality of the durable goods,then analyzed the influence of mixed carbon policy and production technology stability on leasing and selling strategies of the durable goods manufacturer.The conclusion shows that the mixed carbon policy leads to the contraction of both new and old durable goods markets and there is no bumping down effect between the two markets.The carbon tax policy has no incentive effect,while the carbon cap-and-trade policy has the incentive effect under certain conditions.The manufacturer naturally has the willing to improve the stability of production technology,but under certain conditions the mixed carbon policy will weaken the willingness of the manufacturer;When the carbon trading price is relatively lower,the manufacturer chooses the selling strategy,when the carbon tax rate is relatively lower,the manufacturer chooses the leasing strategy.The more stringent the mixed carbon policy,the lower the total carbon emissions of the durable goods;There exist different carbon policy combinations in both leasing and selling market strategies to ensure the effectiveness of the mixed carbon policy.(3)In chapter 5,this thesis established the profit model of the mixed leasing and selling strategy of the durable goods under the condition of constant quality,then analyzed the influence of the mixed carbon policy on the mixed leasing and selling strategy of the durable goods.The conclusion shows that: when the mixed carbon policy is too loose or too strict,the manufacturer still chooses the pure leasing or selling marketing strategy.Only when the carbon trading price and the carbon tax rate are moderate,the manufacturer will choose the mixed leasing and selling strategy.Under the mixed strategy,as the carbon policy becomes stricter,low-quality manufacturers increase the selling share and high-quality manufacturers increase the leasing share.Carbon tax policy has no incentive effect on the manufacturer.But under certain conditions,carbon cap-and-trade policy has an incentive effect on the manufacturer.The introduction of the mixed carbon policy reduces the total carbon emission of the durable goods.Under the condition of appropriately loose initial carbon quota,a higher carbon trading price can guarantee the effectiveness of the mixed carbon policy.(4)In chapter 6,this thesis established the profit model of the mixed leasing and selling strategy under the uncertain quality of the durable goods,then analyzed the influence of the mixed carbon policy and production technology stability on the mixed leasing and selling strategy of the durable goods.The conclusion shows that before the introduction of the mixed carbon policy,the higher the stability of production technology,the stronger the willingness of the manufacturer to choose leasing strategy.After the introduction of the mixed carbon policy,the higher the durability and production technology stability,the higher the leasing market share.And the carbon trading price and carbon tax rate will also affect the leasing and selling market shares.The looser the mixed carbon policy,the higher the leasing market share of the durable goods.Similarly,carbon tax policy has no incentive effect on the manufacturer.Under certain conditions,carbon cap-and-trade policy has the incentive effect on the manufacturer.The more stringent the mixed carbon policy,the lower the total carbon emission of the durable goods.The carbon tax policy is better at curbing the carbon emissions rather than carbon cap-and-trade policy.Under the mixed leasing and selling strategy,there exist different carbon trading price and carbon tax rate ranges which can guarantee the effectiveness of the mixed carbon policy.