Research On Profit Allocation Method Of Virtual Power Plant Based On Bidding Strategy Optimization

With the rapid development of social economy,the pressure of fossil energy depletion and environmental degradation is becoming increasingly prominent.It is imperative to vigorously develop renewable energy and promote national energy transformation.For this reason,the "Energy Production and Consumption Revolution Strategy(2016-2030)"proposes energy transformation measures that we should insist on the simultaneous use of distributed and centralized utilization and focus on distributed utilization to promote a high proportion of renewable energy development.It is also explicitly stated that users with distributed power or microgrid systems are allowed to participate in the electricity trade in the "Opinions on Further Deepening the Reform of the Electric Power System".However,due to the small capacity,distributed layout,and strong randomness of distributed renewable energy,on the one hand,it will impact the safety and reliability of the power grid when it is connected to the grid alone.On the other handTherefore,it is also difficult to participate in the electricity market competition as an independent individual.Under this background,virtual power plant,as a new distributed resource integration method that can flexibly control a large number of distributed power sources and coordinate the contradiction between smart power grid and distributed power supply,is proposed,which is considered as an important measure to promote the participation of distributed resources in electricity market transactionsimplement distributed resource management with energy Internet technology.However,due to the difficulty of benefit coordination among multiple subjects in the virtual power plant,there are problems such as imperfect benefit allocation mechanism,single market participation and limited expansion of centralized regulation in the operation of existing virtual power plant demonstration projects.Moreover,the current research cannot effectively stimulate the enthusiasm of all kinds of flexible resources to participate in the cooperation of virtual power plant and support the decentralized operation decision of virtual power plant.Therefore,it is necessary to study the benefit allocation methodchanism of the internal subjects of virtual power plant that integrates a variety of distributed renewable energy resources oin the basis of optimizing the bidding strategy of spot market and carbon trading market n the spot market and carbon trading market,and to design the multi-subject collaborative autonomy mechanism of virtual power plant that covers electricity,heat,gas and other energy types under the background of the development of energy Internet.This can provide powerful power for distributed power supply,controllable load,energy storage and other flexible resources to participate in the cooperation of virtual power plant,effectively improve the operation efficiency of power system and virtual power plant,and promote the construction of virtual power plant.This paper consists of four main parts:first,it puts forward the benefit allocation methodchanism of power-type virtual power plant under market transition period;secondly,the cost allocation methodmechanism of hybrid virtual power plant is designed in the spot market environment.Thirdly,the carbon income allocation mechanism model of virtual power plant including electric vehicles is established.Fourth,the multi-module cooperative autonomy mechanism of virtual power plant under the block chain framework is studied.First,the benefit allocation model mechanism of power-type virtual power plant under market transition period is constructed.Considering the market transition characteristics of distributed renewable energy from benchmark feed-in tariff to market operation,and cCombining the accuracy of renewable energy output forecast with the the fixed tariff system of purchasing electricity in full amounttariff system,this paper considers the error of renewable energy output forecast and its probability distribution,and puts forward two virtual power plant benefit allocation feasible mechanisms for the power-type virtual power plant consisting of distributed renewable energy,which include on-grid tariff mechanism of virtual power plant and internal distributed energy tariff mechanism.Comparing and verifying through calculation examples,it can be concluded that the two benefit allocation mechanisms can make up for the shortcomings of the fixed on-grid tariff mechanism,effectively incentivize distributed energy producers to cooperate to form virtual power plant,and improve the prediction level of renewable energy output.Among them,the virtual power plant benefit allocation mechanism based on the output prediction error is easy to operate,while the benefit allocation scheme based on the CRPS scoring method is more effective.Secondly,the cost allocation model mechanism of hybrid virtual power plant is constructed in the spot market environment.The hybrid virtual power plant composed of production and marketing users with a variety of distributed renewable energy production equipments is regarded as a collection of cooperative participants.On the basis of optimizing the market transaction cost through the virtual power plant spot market bidding model,a virtual power plant cooperative game model with market transaction cost as the characteristic function is established.Considering the energy cost savings gained by the participating members through the virtual power plant,and taking the stability of the cooperative alliance and the fairness of the cost allocation as the optimization objectives,the transaction cost allocation model of the virtual power plant market is established,and a feasible cost allocation scheme is found in the core of the game.In order to solve the above multi-objective optimization problems with complex constraints,a solution method based on-constraint method and row constraint generation algorithm is proposed.The calculation example shows that the proposed transaction cost allocation mechanism method of the virtual power plant market provides a powerful incentive for small-scale production and marketing users to participate in the cooperation of virtual power plant,which can effectively reduce the impact of renewable energy output and load demand uncertainty on the electricity market and system operation.Thirdly,the carbon income allocation mechanism model of virtual power plant containing electric vehicles is constructed.In this paper,virtual power plants is used as low-carbon resource aggregators to participate in the carbon trading market on behalf of distributed renewable energy producers,electric vehicle users and other small-scale carbon abatement subjects.A virtual power plant operation mechanism and a carbon emission reduction income distribution mechanism method under the carbon trading market are proposed.On the basis of optimizing the carbon emission reduction income through the virtual power plant bidding model,the cooperative game model of carbon trading of virtual power plant is constructed with the carbon emission reduction income as the characteristic function.Then,according to the contribution of each participant to the carbon emission reduction of virtual power plant,the carbon emission reduction income distribution model of virtual power plant based on bilateral Shapley value is established.In order to solve the above nonlinear stochastic programming problems,an improved chemical reaction algorithm based on DE was proposed.The calculation example shows that participating in carbon trading can bring considerable carbon emission reduction benefits to distributed renewable energy producers and electric vehicle users.The cooperation mechanism of the virtual power plant and the carbon emission reduction benefit allocation mechanism method constructed in this paper provide a feasible way for many small-scale carbon abatement subjects to participate in carbon trading and effectively promote the healthy development of the carbon trading market.Fourth,the multi-module cooperative autonomy mechanism of virtual power plant under the block chain framework is proposed.The block chain technology is introduced into virtual power plant to improve the existing concept of virtual power plant structure,and the basic framework of virtual power plant supported by energy block chain is constructed.Then the distributed operation decision-making mechanism based on PoW consensus mechanism in the block chain is applied to put forward the multi-module collaborative autonomy mechanism of virtual power plant in the market environment,and the control process of multi-module system of virtual power plant with the characteristic of“chain optimization”is designed.The objectives and constraints of operation optimization of each module are clarified.In addition,the key technologies to promote the integration of block chain and virtual power plant are discussed from the perspectives of block chain and virtual power plant,so as to solve the operation decision-making problem of virtual power plant and realize decentralized modular collaborative autonomy of the system.