| Xiahe County, Gannan State is located on the eastern edge of Tibetan Plateau,due to the long-term overgrazing, a sharp decline in the production capacity appearedon the natural grasslands. Objectively, this determines that only the establishment ofhigh-yield and high-quality artificial turf and the mastering of practical forageprocessing technology can effectively ease the contradiction between supply anddemand in the forage imbalance season of study area. Being native to tropical region,and because it is rich in protein, calcium and vitamins, nutritional value of Legumes(Leguminosae) grass are superior than other forage grasses, and are favored in inlandareas and alpine pastoral tame grassland over the years. With the continuousexpansion of legume forage acreage, production processing and utilization of grassgradually has become a research focus.Silage and hay modulation are two methods that can effectively extend thestorage time of forage grass processing. For a long time, silage and hay modulationstudy at home and abroad are more concentrated in the plains or warm and humidregions, but those on alpine pastures have not gained enough attention, and researchon basic techniques and theories is still blank. In recent years, under the complementand award, grazing forbidding and forage casting and other relevant policies of Xiahecounty in grassland ecology, artificial grassland acreage continues to expand, however,the shortage of livestock diets in autumn and winter is still prominent, only people inthis region master and establishes pastoral viable which suitable for alpine specialgeographical and climatic environment, besides the efficient forage processingtechnology, then the objective reality of more rainy weather in alpine pasture forageharvest time and production of quality products is difficult to quantify can be solved.So, this study processed in Wang Geertang town, Xiahe county, Gannan Tibetanautonomous prefecture, Gansu province and during the period from April2012toDecember2013, researched silage technology and hay modulation of alfalfa in alpinepastures, analyzed the effect of moisture content, additives, storage time onfermentation quality and nutritional quality of silage alfalfa in storage period. And theconclusions obtained showed below:1. Under the treatment of alfalfa silage without additives processed directly, thepH value and AN/TN content was high, the LA, DM and WSC content was low, silage quality was poor. Under the treatment of alfalfa silage with additives, the fermentationquality and nutrition quality has improved to different extend, and the pH value, AN/TN, NDF and Ash content decreased, while LA, EE content increased.2. During120d storage period, moisture treatment had no significant impact onDM, NDF content of silage.3. Considering the fermentation quality, nutritive value index, sensory evaluationand economic efficiency of silage, Synlac and acetic acid improved the fermentationquality and nutrient value significantly, which were the effective additives to thealfalfa silage production in alpine pasture.4. Under the treatment of the max200, it all exhibited a relatively high pH andAN/TN content in silage storage period, which was the worst additive in this study.But acetic acid and Synlac was the best as silage additives in this experiment.5. The optimum storage period of alfalfa silage in alpine pasture was90d.In order to obtain the silage with high quality in alpine pasture under specialclimate conditions, the content of raw material was commanded, and the silageadditives possessing a high efficiency and quality were selected. However,considering the relatively backward economy and silage production conditions inXiahe county, the modulation technique of hay in alpine pasture was investigated. Itwas help for filling the gap of optimized hay production technology, which was notmastered by grass products processing company in alpine pasture. Furthermore, theeffect of different modulation methods on drying rate and hay qua lity of alfalfa(Medicago sativa L.) in alpine pastoral area were investigated. The results showed asfollows:1. The moisture content of all treatments had the fastest decline rate during0-5h,but smooth-out in the range of35-55h. The drying rate at various time points ofalfalfa grass in A6treatment (crushed and chopped length) was higher than othertreatments except A3treatments (hayrack curing). The hay processed by hayrackcuring had a lower moisture content, higher hay yield, and aroma, when air-drying for55h. which up to the level of hay standard requirements.2. The drying rate (55h) of alfalfa grass treated by different air-drying methods was: Crushed&Chopped length (A6)＞Hayrack curing (A3)＞Chopped lengthcuring (A5)＞Crushed curing (A2)＞Dry in the shade (A4)＞Air-curing drying(CK, A1).The effect of air-drying method, moisture content, air-drying place, and storagetime on the quality of alfalfa hay was also investigated. The results showed asfollows:1. The alfalfa hay of treatments A2(crushed curing) holding a lower NDF, ADFcontent and a higher WSC, CP content in2012-2013. In addition, with the mostmodulation method, the A2treatment (Crushed curing) was more simple thantreatment A3(Hayrack curing) and A6(Chopped length).2. No significant difference were found in WSC, NDF, Ash content of alfalfa hayby air-drying from different place (cement floor, mow cede territory). Considering theprocessing procedure of baling, storage, and transport, the way of air-drying bycement floor was better than mow cede territory.3. The content of DM, CP, WSC, and EE was not effected by treatment ofmoisture content. The nutritional quality of alfalfa hay processed by treatmentC2(20%-23%) and C3(15%-18%) was better than treatment C1(25%-30%), and nodifferences were founded between C2(20%-23%) and C3(15%-18%) treatment.Further research demanded to confirm the optimum storage moisture content of alpinehay in alpine pasture.4. The safety moisture content theory (containing moisture content during15%-18%), which established by plains test, was not applicable to the climatecondition in Qinhai-Tibet plateau. The moisture content for safety storage of hay washigher than18%but in the range of20%-30%.5. The optimum storage period of alfalfa hay in alpine pasture was60d. |
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