| Cultivated land is the basic resource and material guarantee for human survival,the main substrate of rural landscape,and the complex ecosystem with the highest human dependence.With the development of economy and society,the progress of science and technology,the improvement of human cognitive ability,and the deepening of land multifunctional research,people gradually realize that arable land not only has the function of commodity production,but also has the multifunctional characteristics including ecological maintenance,social security,landscape culture,etc.to meet the needs of human survival and development.The rapid industrialization and urbanization in China have led to a sharp decline in the scale of arable land,and the quality and productivity of arable land have been greatly threatened,making the contradiction between local development and arable land protection particularly acute.Moreover,the use of arable land,while constantly meeting human needs and providing food security for the country,also has far-reaching effects on the agricultural economy,social employment and ecological environment,and further influences the sustainable use of land resources and the sustainable development of the social economy.The multi-functionality of arable land use is an important part of land multi-functionality,and the rational play of multi-functionality of arable land use and the promotion of single-functional management of arable land to multi-functional management and care is the new way out of arable land protection in China,and also an important basis to meet the diversified and hierarchical needs of people and improve the human living environment.Therefore,under the rigid requirements of permanent basic farmland protection system,it is urgent to bring into play the multifunctionality of arable land use to realize the sustainable use of arable land resources,so as to further promote the implementation of China's rural revitalization and ecological civilization construction strategy.It is an effective way to achieve sustainable development and improve human welfare by conducting multi-functional research on the use of farmland,optimizing regional farmland development and protection patterns based on the rational and coordinated performance of functions,and ensuring the ability of farmland resources to continuously provide products and services to human beings.Hubei Province is located in central China,and the middle reaches of Yangtze River plain centered on Hubei and Hunan is one of the main grain-producing functional areas and important agricultural production reserves in China.The development of arable land use in Hubei Province has a long history,and in recent years,with the implementation of national strategies such as the Yangtze River Economic Belt and the Rise of Central China,arable land use has shown significant differentiation characteristics.The paper selects Hubei Province as a typical research area,based on the basic theories of land science and geography,modern spatial data processing techniques such as data visualization and data integration and analysis,and GIS and spatial statistics as the main technical support.The thesis focuses on the sustainable use of arable land and coordinated and synergistic development,from the perspective of the functional changes of regional arable land use,combing the theoretical basis and scientific connotation of multifunctional arable land use in China,focusing on the characteristics,impact mechanisms,multifunctional trade-off patterns and other important issues of multifunctional changes of arable land use in the process of arable land use.Specifically,it includes:the characteristics of multifunctional evolution of cropland use,the study of factors and mechanisms influencing multifunctional cropland use,and the study of multifunctional trade-offs and factors influencing cropland use.The paper proposes a multifunctional zoning scheme for the multifunctional use of cropland in Hubei Province from the perspective of multifunctional synergistic development and trade-offs,and proposes optimized measures and guarantee policies to coordinate the multifunctional use of cropland in Hubei Province.The main research contents and conclusions of this thesis are as follows.The multifunctional use of farmland was divided into four functions:food security function,economic contribution function,ecological maintenance function,and social security function.The multifunctional evaluation index system of arable land use in Hubei Province was developed with reference to existing studies.Combining FAHP and entropy weighting method,longitudinal comparison coefficients andG_i~*index were used to analyze the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics and change trends of the evaluation results of multifunctional arable land use and single function evaluation results in Hubei province.The evaluation results were also visualized with Arc GIS,and the spatial evolution characteristics of multifunctional arable land use in Hubei Province were discussed with the results of six years,and the research results showed that,during the study period,the characteristics of the comprehensive horizontal spatial distribution of arable land use fully reflected the heterogeneity of the arable land use level distribution due to geographical factors and economic and social development levels.The areas with high function values were always located in the central part of Hubei Province,and those with low function values The region is always located in the west of Hubei Province.From the perspective of time,the agglomeration range of high-function value and low-function value areas gradually shrinks with time;the spatial distribution of food security functions basically maintains Jianghan Plain>Eastern Hubei Province>Western Hubei Province From a partial perspective,the functional characteristics of southwestern Hubei and northwestern Hubei are also different.The largest increase in function is in the western Hubei,and the largest decline is in the eastern Hubei.The Jianghan Plain is relatively stable;The socio-economic development level differs greatly between the two countries,and the temporal and spatial response characteristics of the economic contribution function are also obvious.In the early stage of the research,the spatial accumulation of the economic contribution function of the cultivated land use in the county unit of Hubei Province is not high,and the spatial correlation is low.The development of agricultural products has a lot to do with the low degree of marketization of agricultural products.As time progresses,the economic contribution function of northwestern and southwestern Hubei has steadily improved,while the Jianghan Plain has continued to decline.In the southeast,areas with low functional value are mainly concentrated in the Jianghan Plain and the spatial scope is gradually shrinking.The areas with faster function improvement are concentrated in the eastern region,and the areas with more function decline are concentrated in the western Hubei;the use of arable land and social security functions basically form Jianghan The spatial pattern of plain>eastern part>western Hubei,in which the functions of the western part of Hubei are seriously degraded,and the functions of parts of the eastern and central parts are obviously improved.In this chapter,by constructing a GWR model and testing the spatial correlation between alternative influencing factors and multifunctional arable land use,significant study years and influencing factors were screened out,and the intensity of multifunctional arable land use in counties in Hubei province in four years,including2005,2010,2015 and 2018,by four influencing factors,such as urbanization,economic development,location conditions and ecological environment The spatial variation of each influencing factor in different periods was analyzed.Based on the study of the influencing factors,the"five forces"synergistic influence mechanism of urbanization(demand force),economic development(supply force),location conditions(catalytic force),natural environment and agricultural resource consumption(support force),policy regulation and government management(control force)was constructed.The results of the study show that urbanization is mainly an inhibitory effect on the function of arable land use and food security;it has a similar effect on economic contribution and social security functions,and both promote and inhibit simultaneously;it has no significant impact on the ecological maintenance function,the mode of action of land urbanization for several functions has changed from promoting to inhibiting.Economic development has no significant effect on the ecological maintenance function,and mainly inhibits the other three functions.Location conditions have an inhibitory effect on both the food security function and economic contribution function in the early stage,and the intensity of the influence has continued to weaken,and the influence mode has changed to a promotion effect;the ecological maintenance function is mainly promoted,and the intensity of the influence has continued to weaken,and it has begun to change to an inhibitory effect in2018;the social security function has always been inhibited,and the intensity of the impact has also continued to weaken.The natural environment has a similar effect on food security functions and social security functions,in which the degree of terrain undulation is a restraining effect,and the influence intensity declines steadily,while the accumulated temperature of?10?is a promotion effect,and the influence intensity fluctuates less;the natural environment contributes to the economy.It is mainly inhibition,and the mode of action changed from promotion to inhibition in2010;topographical undulation is a promotion for ecological maintenance,and accumulated temperature?10?is an inhibition.The intensity of the two influencing factors is continuously reduced.(1)Based on the system theory,externality theory and Maslow's demand theory,a theoretical system of multi-functional trade-off paths of farmland use was constructed based on the analysis of the constituent elements of farmland use system,the analysis of the subject behavior of farmland use,and the manifestation paths and trade-off patterns of multi-functional,and the interrelationship between multi-functional was determined by Spearman's rank correlation analysis,combined with bivariate spatial autocorrelation The spatial pattern of multifunctional synergy and trade-offs is analyzed by Spearman rank correlation analysis,and the research results are as follows.In this thesis,the four types of arable land use functions are divided into six groups of interrelationships,and after Spearman's rank correlation analysis,four groups of food security and economic contribution function,food security and ecological maintenance function,economic contribution and social security function,social security and ecological maintenance function are trade-offs,and two groups of food security and social security function,economic contribution and ecological maintenance function are synergistic relationships.The two groups of food security and social security function and economic contribution and ecological maintenance function are synergistic.According to the bivariate spatial autocorrelation LISA diagram,the 6 groups of significant trade-offs or synergistic relationships are mainly concentrated in the central and western regions of Hubei Province.The function of food security and economic contribution was significant at the same time in the trade-off and synergy relationship in 2005,and showed the evolutionary characteristics of the gradual decrease of the synergy unit and the continuous growth of the trade-off unit;the synergy unit of the food security and social security functions was mainly concentrated in LL in western Hubei,and in the middle of Hubei.HH gathers and gradually spreads;the trade-off relationship between food security and ecological maintenance functions gradually weakens over time,and the coordinated unit begins to become significant in parts of southwestern Hubei and Jianghan Plain;areas with significant trade-offs between economic contribution and social security functions occurred in southwestern and central Hubei.Areas with significant trade-offs between economic contribution and social security functions occurred in southwestern and central Hubei.In 2015,Northwest Hubei began to gather HL and LL,while the central LH trade-off cluster expanded northward;social security and ecological maintenance functions began in 2005.It is mainly based on significant trade-offs.In 2015,the HL trade-off agglomeration in southwestern Hubei turned into LL coordinated agglomeration,which was also due to the substantial degradation of the regional ecological maintenance function.Based on the study of trade-offs,the main influencing factors of multifunctional trade-offs were further identified by partial correlation analysis.In the two sets of trade-off relationships between economic contribution with food security and social security functions,the impact factors that show significant effects are basically the same.The related impact factors of urbanization are mainly restraining effects.Among them,population urbanization is shown as promotion effect in the trade-off relationship with food security functions.In the trade-off relationship with the social security function,land urbanization is shown as a promotion effect too.The related influencing factors of location conditions and the natural environment are also mainly restrained,and the related influencing factors of economic development are mainly promoted.In the two trade-off relationships between ecological maintenance with food security and social security functions,location conditions and natural environment function in a similar manner.Both were restraining effects from 2005 to 2010,and the intensity gradually weakened,and then changed to promoting effects,both at the same time.Group function relations begin to appear synergistically related characteristics in space;in the synergistic relationship between food security and social security functions,only economic development is the restraining effect,and urbanization,location conditions and natural environment are all promoting effects;in the synergistic relationship between economic contribution with ecological maintenance,location conditions are promoting,and the natural environment is inhibiting,but the strength of the influence factors is also weaken.(2)According to the specific pattern of multi-functional use of farmland and the level of socio-economic development,as well as the specific role of each influencing factor on the function,the path to improve the multi-functional use of farmland in Hubei Province is proposed.(1)"People-oriented"to improve the quality of urbanization.(2)Implement the new development concept and promote high-quality economic development.(3)Rational planning of transportation network and coordination of regional integrated development.(4)Establish the concept of ecological civilization and advocate sustainable intensive agriculture.(3)Carried out integrated multifunctional zoning of arable land use and proposed a corresponding policy system.Due to the multiplicity and complexity of the objectives of the multifunctional zoning of cropland use and the integration of the multifunctional trade-off concept,it is difficult to achieve the zoning objectives of multifunctional cropland use by simply comparing one scheme.Based on this,this study applies the"quantitative+qualitative"zoning concept to form a preliminary zoning by coupled coordination model based on the study of multifunctional evolutionary characteristics,and combines the calculation of trade-off intensity and comparative advantage index for zoning revision,and completes the final zoning scheme by qualitative adjustment.The above zoning idea was adopted to divide Hubei Province into seven zoning types,namely multifunctional coordinated development zone,multifunctional overall promotion zone,economic contribution function-led zone,food security function-led zone,ecological maintenance function-led zone,economic-ecological function-compound zone,and food-social function-compound zone.On the basis of a detailed review of the spatial distribution pattern,zoning characteristics and functional positioning of the above-mentioned zones,optimized management measures are further proposed for each zone.Finally,corresponding institutional guarantee policies such as ecological compensation for arable land,construction of high-standard basic farmland,economic compensation for arable land protection,basic ecological red line control,permanent basic farmland delineation,"green belt",land transfer and moderate fallow are proposed. |
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