Interval Direction And Size Of Melody And Interval Size Of Harmony In Three Orchestral Works

This dissertation deals with interval direction and size in modern composing techniques. The purpose is to define the direction of melody interval of modern music works, especially that of characteristic motives, to determine the size of melody interval and harmony interval, and to discover the structure patterns of interval direction and size, so as to make thorough and comprehensive analysis of music works and provide guidance for composition.The analytic method of interval direction and size is an emerging method in modern composing theory research. This dissertation mainly analyses three orchestral works by Toru Takemitsu, Jin Xiang and Witold Lutoslawski along with patterns of interval direction and size of modern music works of manifold styles. Based on the analysis, the author recognizes the sense of interval direction and size and the composing techniques similar to those of interval direction and size in modern composers' composition. Finally, the author induces this kind of composing techniques, with a view to providing a new reference for music analysis and composition.Currently preliminary achievement has been made in the research for interval direction and size all over the world, and the research into characteristics of interval direction and size of sections of music work can be found, but the research into specific subject and integrity of great orchestra work is few and far between. Therefore, the author attempts to solve this problem in the dissertation.This dissertation is composed of three parts: introduction, eight chapters on the theme and conclusion.The introduction explains the background and significance of the research; outlines the basic characteristics of the analytic method of interval direction and size, including the basic concepts of interval direction of melody, interval size of melody, interval direction and size of melody and interval size of harmony etc. It also introduces the status quo of the research into the characteristics of composing technique of interval direction and size all over the world.The main part consists of eight chapters. The first and second chapter chiefly discusses the significance and main type of interval direction and size in composition. The third and fourth chapter analyses the "Fantasma/Cantos" for clarinet and orchestra by Toru Takemitsu, indicating that the work takes gyral interval direction and size of melody and three-dimensional frame of interval size of harmony as the main characteristics. The fifth and seventh chapter analyses the "Qin Se Po" for pipa and orchestra by Jin Xiang, revealing that the work takes contrasting interval direction and size of melody and compound perfect fifths of interval size of harmony as the main characteristics. The seventh and eighth chapter analyses the "Fourth Symphony" by Witold Lutoslawski, showing that the work takes derivative interval direction and size of melody and symmetrical and penetrating interval size of harmony as the main characteristics.The conclusion is mainly concerned with relationship between the composing technique of interval direction and size as the characteristics of structure strength quantification, and the style of music works.